A Kasradze1, S Shadaker2, T Kuchuloria3, A Gamkrelidze1, M Nasrullah4, L Gvinjilia3, D Baliashvili1, N Chitadze1, M Kodani4, A Tejada-Strop4, J Drobeniuc4, L Hagan4, J Morgan4, P Imnadze1, F Averhoff4. 1. National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD&TB Prevention, Atlanta, USA. Electronic address: lgi1@cdc.gov. 3. TEPHINET, Tbilisi, Georgia. 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD&TB Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections is unknown in Georgia. This analysis describes the prevalence of hepatitis B and coinfection with HDV and the demographic characteristics and risk factors for persons with HBV infection in Georgia. STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional seroprevalence study. METHODS: A cross-sectional, nationwide survey to assess hepatitis B prevalence among the general adult Georgian population (age ≥18 years) was conducted in 2015. Demographic and risk behavior data were collected. Blood specimens were screened for anti-hepatitis B core total antibody (anti-HBc). Anti-HBc-positive specimens were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). HBsAg-positive specimens were tested for HBV and HDV nucleic acid. Nationally weighted prevalence estimates and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for potential risk factors were determined for anti-HBc and HBsAg positivity. RESULTS: The national prevalence of anti-HBc and HBsAg positivity among adults were 25.9% and 2.9%, respectively. Persons aged ≥70 years had the highest anti-HBc positivity (32.7%), but the lowest HBsAg positivity prevalence (1.3%). Anti-HBc positivity was associated with injection drug use (aOR = 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46-3.74), receipt of a blood transfusion (aOR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.32-2.15), and sex with a commercial sex worker (aOR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.06-2.01). HBsAg positivity was associated with receipt of a blood transfusion (aOR = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.54-4.80) and past incarceration (aOR = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.25-5.93). Among HBsAg-positive persons, 0.9% (95% CI = 0.0-2.0) were HDV coinfected. CONCLUSIONS: Georgia has an intermediate to high burden of hepatitis B, and the prevalence of HDV coinfection among HBV-infected persons is low. Existing infrastructure for hepatitis C elimination could be leveraged to promote hepatitis B elimination.
OBJECTIVES: The burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections is unknown in Georgia. This analysis describes the prevalence of hepatitis B and coinfection with HDV and the demographic characteristics and risk factors for persons with HBV infection in Georgia. STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional seroprevalence study. METHODS: A cross-sectional, nationwide survey to assess hepatitis B prevalence among the general adult Georgian population (age ≥18 years) was conducted in 2015. Demographic and risk behavior data were collected. Blood specimens were screened for anti-hepatitis B core total antibody (anti-HBc). Anti-HBc-positive specimens were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). HBsAg-positive specimens were tested for HBV and HDV nucleic acid. Nationally weighted prevalence estimates and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for potential risk factors were determined for anti-HBc and HBsAg positivity. RESULTS: The national prevalence of anti-HBc and HBsAg positivity among adults were 25.9% and 2.9%, respectively. Persons aged ≥70 years had the highest anti-HBc positivity (32.7%), but the lowest HBsAg positivity prevalence (1.3%). Anti-HBc positivity was associated with injection drug use (aOR = 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46-3.74), receipt of a blood transfusion (aOR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.32-2.15), and sex with a commercial sex worker (aOR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.06-2.01). HBsAg positivity was associated with receipt of a blood transfusion (aOR = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.54-4.80) and past incarceration (aOR = 2.72; 95% CI = 1.25-5.93). Among HBsAg-positive persons, 0.9% (95% CI = 0.0-2.0) were HDV coinfected. CONCLUSIONS: Georgia has an intermediate to high burden of hepatitis B, and the prevalence of HDV coinfection among HBV-infectedpersons is low. Existing infrastructure for hepatitis C elimination could be leveraged to promote hepatitis B elimination.
Authors: Graham S Cooke; Isabelle Andrieux-Meyer; Tanya L Applegate; Rifat Atun; Jessica R Burry; Hugo Cheinquer; Geoff Dusheiko; Jordan J Feld; Charles Gore; Max G Griswold; Saeed Hamid; Margaret E Hellard; JinLin Hou; Jess Howell; Jidong Jia; Natalia Kravchenko; Jeffrey V Lazarus; Maud Lemoine; Olufunmilayo A Lesi; Liudmyla Maistat; Brian J McMahon; Homie Razavi; Teri Roberts; Bryony Simmons; Mark W Sonderup; C Wendy Spearman; Bridie E Taylor; David L Thomas; Imam Waked; John W Ward; Stefan Z Wiktor Journal: Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2019-02
Authors: Gia L Tyson; Jennifer R Kramer; Zhigang Duan; Jessica A Davila; Peter A Richardson; Hashem B El-Serag Journal: Hepatology Date: 2013-07-01 Impact factor: 17.425