Jesse J Jung1, Yu Qiang Soh2, Patricia Sha3, Sophia Yu4, Mary K Durbin4, Quan V Hoang5. 1. East Bay Retina Consultants, Inc., Oakland, California, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Universtiy of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. Electronic address: jung.jesse@gmail.com. 2. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. 3. Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, USA; Silicon Valley Eyecare Optometry, Santa Clara, California, USA. 4. Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, USA. 5. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To analyze the effect of induced astigmatism on en-face spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography quantitative metrics. DESIGN: Prospective crossover study. METHODS: Normal eyes without astigmatism and with 0.75, 1.75, and 2.75 diopters (D) of with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism were imaged using a 3 × 3-mm scan pattern SD-OCTA CIRRUS 5000 HD-OCT with AngioPlex (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA). Quantitative parameters, including foveal avascular zone metrics, parafoveal vessel length density (VD), and perfusion density (PD) were corrected for magnification secondary to axial length and analyzed. Univariate linear regressions were performed within each eye to correlate quantitative metrics to the level of an induced astigmatic cylinder. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes from 15 patients were imaged. Every 1-D increase in induced WTR astigmatism was associated with a statistically significant decrease in VD and PD within all Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study inner ring quadrants; however, especially more so nasally (VD: 0.63; P < .001; PD: 0.0089; P = .001). For every 1-D increase in induced astigmatism, the resulting decrease in the inner ring superior quadrant was 12% greater for VD and 16% greater for PD versus that in the inferior quadrant. The resulting decrease in the inner ring nasal quadrant was 40% greater for VD and 48% greater for PD versus that in the temporal quadrant. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing levels of induced WTR astigmatism correlated with globally diminishing VD and PD, was more symmetrical for vertical than horizontal quadrants, and was most pronounced nasally. This may be due to a high prevalence of horizontally oriented vessels nasally and the horizontal optical defocus induced by WTR astigmatism.
PURPOSE: To analyze the effect of induced astigmatism on en-face spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography quantitative metrics. DESIGN: Prospective crossover study. METHODS: Normal eyes without astigmatism and with 0.75, 1.75, and 2.75 diopters (D) of with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism were imaged using a 3 × 3-mm scan pattern SD-OCTA CIRRUS 5000 HD-OCT with AngioPlex (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA). Quantitative parameters, including foveal avascular zone metrics, parafoveal vessel length density (VD), and perfusion density (PD) were corrected for magnification secondary to axial length and analyzed. Univariate linear regressions were performed within each eye to correlate quantitative metrics to the level of an induced astigmatic cylinder. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes from 15 patients were imaged. Every 1-D increase in induced WTR astigmatism was associated with a statistically significant decrease in VD and PD within all Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study inner ring quadrants; however, especially more so nasally (VD: 0.63; P < .001; PD: 0.0089; P = .001). For every 1-D increase in induced astigmatism, the resulting decrease in the inner ring superior quadrant was 12% greater for VD and 16% greater for PD versus that in the inferior quadrant. The resulting decrease in the inner ring nasal quadrant was 40% greater for VD and 48% greater for PD versus that in the temporal quadrant. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing levels of induced WTR astigmatism correlated with globally diminishing VD and PD, was more symmetrical for vertical than horizontal quadrants, and was most pronounced nasally. This may be due to a high prevalence of horizontally oriented vessels nasally and the horizontal optical defocus induced by WTR astigmatism.
Authors: Harpal Singh Sandhu; Mohammed Elmogy; Nabila El-Adawy; Ahmed Eltanboly; Ahmed Shalaby; Robert Keynton; Ayman El-Baz Journal: Am J Ophthalmol Date: 2020-01-23 Impact factor: 5.258
Authors: Ian C Holmen; Sri Meghana Konda; Jeong W Pak; Kyle W McDaniel; Barbara Blodi; Kimberly E Stepien; Amitha Domalpally Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2020-02-01 Impact factor: 7.389
Authors: Jan H de Jong; Boy Braaf; Sankha Amarakoon; Maximilian Gräfe; Suzanne Yzer; Koenraad A Vermeer; Tom Missotten; Johannes F de Boer; Mirjam E J van Velthoven Journal: Ophthalmologica Date: 2018-09-18 Impact factor: 3.250
Authors: Henrik Faatz; Marie-Louise Farecki; Kai Rothaus; Matthias Gutfleisch; Daniel Pauleikhoff; Albrecht Lommatzsch Journal: BMJ Open Ophthalmol Date: 2019-12-10
Authors: Jesse J Jung; Shen Yi Lim; Xavier Chan; Srinivas R Sadda; Quan V Hoang Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2022-08-02 Impact factor: 4.925