Qianya Wan1, Dan Song1, Huangcan Li1, Ming-Liang He2,3. 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. 2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. mlhe7788@gmail.com. 3. CityU Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China. mlhe7788@gmail.com.
Abstract
Stress proteins (SPs) including heat-shock proteins (HSPs), RNA chaperones, and ER associated stress proteins are molecular chaperones essential for cellular homeostasis. The major functions of HSPs include chaperoning misfolded or unfolded polypeptides, protecting cells from toxic stress, and presenting immune and inflammatory cytokines. Regarded as a double-edged sword, HSPs also cooperate with numerous viruses and cancer cells to promote their survival. RNA chaperones are a group of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), which are essential factors for manipulating both the functions and metabolisms of pre-mRNAs/hnRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II. hnRNPs involve in a large number of cellular processes, including chromatin remodelling, transcription regulation, RNP assembly and stabilization, RNA export, virus replication, histone-like nucleoid structuring, and even intracellular immunity. Dysregulation of stress proteins is associated with many human diseases including human cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson's diseases, Alzheimer disease), stroke and infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the biologic function of stress proteins, and current progress on their mechanisms related to virus reproduction and diseases caused by virus infections. As SPs also attract a great interest as potential antiviral targets (e.g., COVID-19), we also discuss the present progress and challenges in this area of HSP-based drug development, as well as with compounds already under clinical evaluation.
pan class="Disease">Stress proteins (SPs) including heat-shock proteins (n>n class="Gene">HSPs), RNA chaperones, and ER associated stress proteins are molecular chaperones essential for cellular homeostasis. The major functions of HSPs include chaperoning misfolded or unfolded polypeptides, protecting cells from toxic stress, and presenting immune and inflammatory cytokines. Regarded as a double-edged sword, HSPs also cooperate with numerous viruses and cancer cells to promote their survival. RNA chaperones are a group of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), which are essential factors for manipulating both the functions and metabolisms of pre-mRNAs/hnRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II. hnRNPs involve in a large number of cellular processes, including chromatin remodelling, transcription regulation, RNP assembly and stabilization, RNA export, virus replication, histone-like nucleoid structuring, and even intracellular immunity. Dysregulation of stress proteins is associated with many human diseases including humancancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson's diseases, Alzheimer disease), stroke and infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the biologic function of stress proteins, and current progress on their mechanisms related to virus reproduction and diseases caused by virus infections. As SPs also attract a great interest as potential antiviral targets (e.g., COVID-19), we also discuss the present progress and challenges in this area of HSP-based drug development, as well as with compounds already under clinical evaluation.
Authors: Serena Carra; Simon Alberti; Patrick A Arrigo; Justin L Benesch; Ivor J Benjamin; Wilbert Boelens; Britta Bartelt-Kirbach; Bianca J J M Brundel; Johannes Buchner; Bernd Bukau; John A Carver; Heath Ecroyd; Cecilia Emanuelsson; Stephanie Finet; Nikola Golenhofen; Pierre Goloubinoff; Nikolai Gusev; Martin Haslbeck; Lawrence E Hightower; Harm H Kampinga; Rachel E Klevit; Krzysztof Liberek; Hassane S Mchaourab; Kathryn A McMenimen; Angelo Poletti; Roy Quinlan; Sergei V Strelkov; Melinda E Toth; Elizabeth Vierling; Robert M Tanguay Journal: Cell Stress Chaperones Date: 2017-03-31 Impact factor: 3.667
Authors: Alexzander Asea; Michael Rehli; Edith Kabingu; Jason A Boch; Olivia Bare; Philip E Auron; Mary Ann Stevenson; Stuart K Calderwood Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 2002-02-08 Impact factor: 5.157
Authors: Vanessa Herder; Kieran Dee; Joanna K Wojtus; Ilaria Epifano; Daniel Goldfarb; Christoforos Rozario; Quan Gu; Ana Da Silva Filipe; Kyriaki Nomikou; Jenna Nichols; Ruth F Jarrett; Andrew Stevenson; Steven McFarlane; Meredith E Stewart; Agnieszka M Szemiel; Rute M Pinto; Andreu Masdefiol Garriga; Chris Davis; Jay Allan; Sheila V Graham; Pablo R Murcia; Chris Boutell Journal: PLoS Biol Date: 2021-12-21 Impact factor: 8.029