Harman Rahal1, Elizabeth J Videlock1, Adriane Icenhour2, Wendy Shih1,3, Bruce Naliboff1, Arpana Gupta1, Emeran A Mayer1, Lin Chang1. 1. G Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 2. Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. 3. Center of Health Research, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although early adverse life events (EALs) are prevalent among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the impact of fear or dissociation experienced during the trauma has not been evaluated. We investigated the prevalence of fear at the time of trauma and its association with IBS status among individuals with early-life trauma before the age of 18. METHODS: Among participants with ≥1 EAL, association of fear and dissociation with IBS status was determined with logistic regression, and improvement in prediction of IBS over ETI score alone was determined with the likelihood ratio test. Controlling for age, sex, and IBS status, we then examined the association of each EAL with reported fear. KEY RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls (HCs), IBS subjects reported a higher prevalence of fear (60.4% vs 36.2%, P < .0005) and dissociation (23.5% vs 13.0%, P < .0005) at the time of EAL. Fear, but not dissociation, improved prediction of IBS over the total number of EALs (odds ratio = 2.00, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES: This study highlights the importance of EAL-related factors such as fear in addition to the presence or absence of EALs in IBS pathophysiology.
BACKGROUND: Although early adverse life events (EALs) are prevalent among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the impact of fear or dissociation experienced during the trauma has not been evaluated. We investigated the prevalence of fear at the time of trauma and its association with IBS status among individuals with early-life trauma before the age of 18. METHODS: Among participants with ≥1 EAL, association of fear and dissociation with IBS status was determined with logistic regression, and improvement in prediction of IBS over ETI score alone was determined with the likelihood ratio test. Controlling for age, sex, and IBS status, we then examined the association of each EAL with reported fear. KEY RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls (HCs), IBS subjects reported a higher prevalence of fear (60.4% vs 36.2%, P < .0005) and dissociation (23.5% vs 13.0%, P < .0005) at the time of EAL. Fear, but not dissociation, improved prediction of IBS over the total number of EALs (odds ratio = 2.00, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES: This study highlights the importance of EAL-related factors such as fear in addition to the presence or absence of EALs in IBS pathophysiology.
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