Sara S Kim1,2, Brendan Flannery1, Ivo M Foppa1, Jessie R Chung1, Mary Patricia Nowalk3, Richard K Zimmerman3, Manjusha Gaglani4, Arnold S Monto5, Emily T Martin5, Edward A Belongia6, Huong Q McLean6, Michael L Jackson7, Lisa A Jackson7, Manish Patel1. 1. Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 2. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. 3. University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. 4. Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA. 5. University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. 6. Marshfield Clinical Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA. 7. Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We compared effects of prior vaccination and added or lost protection from current season vaccination among those previously vaccinated. METHODS: Our analysis included data from the US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network among participants ≥9 years old with acute respiratory illness from 2012-2013 through 2017-2018. Vaccine protection was estimated using multivariate logistic regression with an interaction term for effect of prior season vaccination on current season vaccine effectiveness. Models were adjusted for age, calendar time, high-risk status, site, and season for combined estimates. We estimated protection by combinations of current and prior vaccination compared to unvaccinated in both seasons or current vaccination among prior vaccinated. RESULTS: A total of 31 819 participants were included. Vaccine protection against any influenza averaged 42% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38%-47%) among those vaccinated only the current season, 37% (95% CI, 33-40) among those vaccinated both seasons, and 26% (95% CI, 18%-32%) among those vaccinated only the prior season, compared with participants vaccinated neither season. Current season vaccination reduced the odds of any influenza among patients unvaccinated the prior season by 42% (95% CI, 37%-46%), including 57%, 27%, and 55% against A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and influenza B, respectively. Among participants vaccinated the prior season, current season vaccination further reduced the odds of any influenza by 15% (95% CI, 7%-23%), including 29% against A(H1N1) and 26% against B viruses, but not against A(H3N2). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations for annual influenza vaccination. Benefits of current season vaccination varied among participants with and without prior season vaccination, by virus type/subtype and season. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020.
BACKGROUND: We compared effects of prior vaccination and added or lost protection from current season vaccination among those previously vaccinated. METHODS: Our analysis included data from the US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness Network among participants ≥9 years old with acute respiratory illness from 2012-2013 through 2017-2018. Vaccine protection was estimated using multivariate logistic regression with an interaction term for effect of prior season vaccination on current season vaccine effectiveness. Models were adjusted for age, calendar time, high-risk status, site, and season for combined estimates. We estimated protection by combinations of current and prior vaccination compared to unvaccinated in both seasons or current vaccination among prior vaccinated. RESULTS: A total of 31 819 participants were included. Vaccine protection against any influenza averaged 42% (95% confidence interval [CI], 38%-47%) among those vaccinated only the current season, 37% (95% CI, 33-40) among those vaccinated both seasons, and 26% (95% CI, 18%-32%) among those vaccinated only the prior season, compared with participants vaccinated neither season. Current season vaccination reduced the odds of any influenza among patients unvaccinated the prior season by 42% (95% CI, 37%-46%), including 57%, 27%, and 55% against A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and influenza B, respectively. Among participants vaccinated the prior season, current season vaccination further reduced the odds of any influenza by 15% (95% CI, 7%-23%), including 29% against A(H1N1) and 26% against B viruses, but not against A(H3N2). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations for annual influenza vaccination. Benefits of current season vaccination varied among participants with and without prior season vaccination, by virus type/subtype and season. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020.
Authors: Danuta M Skowronski; Naveed Z Janjua; Gaston De Serres; Anne-Luise Winter; James A Dickinson; Jennifer L Gardy; Jonathan Gubbay; Kevin Fonseca; Hugues Charest; Natasha S Crowcroft; Monique Douville Fradet; Nathalie Bastien; Yan Li; Mel Krajden; Suzana Sabaiduc; Martin Petric Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2012-04-26 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Danuta M Skowronski; Catharine Chambers; Gaston De Serres; Suzana Sabaiduc; Anne-Luise Winter; James A Dickinson; Jonathan B Gubbay; Kevin Fonseca; Steven J Drews; Hugues Charest; Christine Martineau; Mel Krajden; Martin Petric; Nathalie Bastien; Yan Li; Derek J Smith Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2017-04-01 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Suzanne E Ohmit; Joshua G Petrie; Ryan E Malosh; Emileigh Johnson; Rachel Truscon; Barbara Aaron; Casey Martens; Caroline Cheng; Alicia M Fry; Arnold S Monto Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2015-11-23 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Mark G Thompson; Allison Naleway; Alicia M Fry; Sarah Ball; Sarah M Spencer; Sue Reynolds; Sam Bozeman; Min Levine; Jacqueline M Katz; Manjusha Gaglani Journal: Vaccine Date: 2016-02-10 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Danuta M Skowronski; Suzana Sabaiduc; Siobhan Leir; Caren Rose; Macy Zou; Michelle Murti; James A Dickinson; Romy Olsha; Jonathan B Gubbay; Matthew A Croxen; Hugues Charest; Nathalie Bastien; Yan Li; Agatha Jassem; Mel Krajden; Gaston De Serres Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2019-11
Authors: Håkon Amdam; Anders Madsen; Fan Zhou; Amit Bansal; Mai-Chi Trieu; Rebecca Jane Cox Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-12-06 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Eric P Griggs; Brendan Flannery; Ivo M Foppa; Manjusha Gaglani; Kempapura Murthy; Michael L Jackson; Lisa A Jackson; Edward A Belongia; Huong Q McLean; Emily T Martin; Arnold S Monto; Richard K Zimmerman; Goundappa K Balasubramani; Jessie R Chung; Manish Patel Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2022-02-19 Impact factor: 5.363