Rebeca Boltes Cecatto1, Laís Siqueira de Magalhães2, Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues3, Christiane Pavani4, Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco5, Mariana Teixeira Gomes6, Daniela Fátima Teixeira Silva7. 1. School of Medicine of Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, Sao Paulo, 01504-001, Brazil; Rehabilitation Service of the Instituto do Câncer do Estado de Sao Paulo School of Medicine of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil. Electronic address: rebeca.boltes@uni9.pro.br. 2. Laís Siqueira Magalhães, Medical Student of the School of Medicine of Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, Sao Paulo, 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: lais.siqueira.magalhaes@gmail.com. 3. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: fernandarodrigues@uni9.pro.br. 4. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: chrispavani@gmail.com. 5. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: adrilino@uni9.pro.br. 6. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: tgmari@gmail.com. 7. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: fatesi@uol.com.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to update the information about aPDT when using methylene blue (MB) for the treatment of human clinical infections of different etiologies, except for dentistry applications, and to also investigate the best parameters of MB to achieve this. METHODS: This study was a systematic literature review performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was performed for studies with adult human patients (>18 years-old) published in the English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian languages when using the electronic databases of MEDLINE, Embase, OpenGrey, and LILACS. RESULTS: 1260 relevant articles were found. After a reading of the titles and the abstracts, only 85 articles were selected for a complete reading. After the complete reading, only 05 studies were selected for data extraction, where the treatments were onychomycosis, oral candidiasis, and infectious diabetic foot ulcers. As for the MB concentrations, 0.0003 to 0.06 molar were used. Pre-irradiation times ranged from 1 to 5 min, while the irradiation times ranged from 8 s to 10 min. As for the light sources, lasers, LED, and lamps were used, with irradiances ranging from 50 to 750 mW/cm2 and radiant exposures from 6 to 18 J/cm2. CONCLUSIONS: For the field of clinical applications of aPDT to develop, studies with a higher level of evidence are needed. For example, future reports should aim at comparing aPDT directly with standard techniques and a placebo aPDT, together with larger samples, and with more objective clinical evaluation methods, in order to provide useful data for the clinically relevant aPDT protocols.
BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to update the information about aPDT when using methylene blue (MB) for the treatment of human clinical infections of different etiologies, except for dentistry applications, and to also investigate the best parameters of MB to achieve this. METHODS: This study was a systematic literature review performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was performed for studies with adult humanpatients (>18 years-old) published in the English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian languages when using the electronic databases of MEDLINE, Embase, OpenGrey, and LILACS. RESULTS: 1260 relevant articles were found. After a reading of the titles and the abstracts, only 85 articles were selected for a complete reading. After the complete reading, only 05 studies were selected for data extraction, where the treatments were onychomycosis, oral candidiasis, and infectious diabetic foot ulcers. As for the MB concentrations, 0.0003 to 0.06 molar were used. Pre-irradiation times ranged from 1 to 5 min, while the irradiation times ranged from 8 s to 10 min. As for the light sources, lasers, LED, and lamps were used, with irradiances ranging from 50 to 750 mW/cm2 and radiant exposures from 6 to 18 J/cm2. CONCLUSIONS: For the field of clinical applications of aPDT to develop, studies with a higher level of evidence are needed. For example, future reports should aim at comparing aPDT directly with standard techniques and a placebo aPDT, together with larger samples, and with more objective clinical evaluation methods, in order to provide useful data for the clinically relevant aPDT protocols.
Authors: Christopher Cremer; Jean Michél Merkes; Christina L Bub; Dirk Rommel; Frederic W Patureau; Srinivas Banala Journal: RSC Adv Date: 2021-09-29 Impact factor: 4.036
Authors: Carmen Rodríguez-Cerdeira; Erick Martínez-Herrera; Gabriella Fabbrocini; Beatriz Sanchez-Blanco; Adriana López-Barcenas; May El-Samahy; Eder R Juárez-Durán; José Luís González-Cespón Journal: J Fungi (Basel) Date: 2021-11-29