Ya-Ting Chen1,2,3,4, Hao-Xiang Yuan1,2,3,4, Zhi-Jun Ou2,3,4,5, Jing-Song Ou6,7,8,9,10. 1. Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. 2. National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. 3. NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. 4. Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. 5. Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. 6. Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. oujs@mail.sysu.edu.cn. 7. National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. oujs@mail.sysu.edu.cn. 8. NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. oujs@mail.sysu.edu.cn. 9. Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. oujs@mail.sysu.edu.cn. 10. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, People's Republic of China. oujs@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes the effects of microparticles and exosomes in the progression of atherosclerosis and the prospect for their diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. RECENT FINDINGS: Microparticles and exosomes can induce endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, and calcification via their components of proteins and noncoding RNAs, which may promote the progression of atherosclerosis. The applications of microparticles and exosomes become the spotlight of clinical diagnosis and therapy. Microparticles and exosomes are members of extracellular vesicles, which are generated in various cell types by different mechanisms of cell membrane budding and multivesicular body secretion, respectively. They are important physiologic pathways of cell-to-cell communication in vivo and act as messengers accelerating or alleviating the process of atherosclerosis. Microparticles and exosomes may become diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches of atherosclerosis.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes the effects of microparticles and exosomes in the progression of atherosclerosis and the prospect for their diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. RECENT FINDINGS: Microparticles and exosomes can induce endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, and calcification via their components of proteins and noncoding RNAs, which may promote the progression of atherosclerosis. The applications of microparticles and exosomes become the spotlight of clinical diagnosis and therapy. Microparticles and exosomes are members of extracellular vesicles, which are generated in various cell types by different mechanisms of cell membrane budding and multivesicular body secretion, respectively. They are important physiologic pathways of cell-to-cell communication in vivo and act as messengers accelerating or alleviating the process of atherosclerosis. Microparticles and exosomes may become diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches of atherosclerosis.