Daniel Souza1, Matheus Barbalho2, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo3, Wagner Martins4, Paulo Gentil2. 1. Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. Electronic address: daniel_souza86@hotmail.com. 2. Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. 3. Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. 4. University of Brasilia, Division of Physical Therapy, Ceilandia, Brazil.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of high-load (≥ 70 of 1RM) and low-load (< 70 of 1RM) resistance training (RT) on femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and older people. DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE: English language searches of the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science. INCLUSION CRITERIA: (i) older or middle-aged (≥ 45 years old) participants of both sexes with or without comorbidities, (ii) studies that compared high-load (≥70% 1 RM) versus low-load (<70% 1RM) RT, (iii) studies that examined femoral neck or lumbar spine BMD. RESULTS: From 1052 studies found, six were included in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis revealed no difference between groups for femoral neck (weighted mean difference [MD] and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.00 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.01 to 0.01]; P = 0.63) and lumbar spine (MD = 0.01 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02]; P = 0.12) BDM. There was a substantial heterogeneity for femoral neck (I2 = 47%; P = 0.07) and lumbar spine (I2 = 59%; P = 0.02). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant effect of high-load RT on femoral neck BMD when participants presented normal BMD values (MD = 0.01 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02]; P = 0.04) and on interventions lasting up to 6 months (MD = 0.01 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02]; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Both high- and low-load RT have similar effects on femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD in aging people.
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of high-load (≥ 70 of 1RM) and low-load (< 70 of 1RM) resistance training (RT) on femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and older people. DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE: English language searches of the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science. INCLUSION CRITERIA: (i) older or middle-aged (≥ 45 years old) participants of both sexes with or without comorbidities, (ii) studies that compared high-load (≥70% 1 RM) versus low-load (<70% 1RM) RT, (iii) studies that examined femoral neck or lumbar spine BMD. RESULTS: From 1052 studies found, six were included in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis revealed no difference between groups for femoral neck (weighted mean difference [MD] and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.00 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.01 to 0.01]; P = 0.63) and lumbar spine (MD = 0.01 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02]; P = 0.12) BDM. There was a substantial heterogeneity for femoral neck (I2 = 47%; P = 0.07) and lumbar spine (I2 = 59%; P = 0.02). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant effect of high-load RT on femoral neck BMD when participants presented normal BMD values (MD = 0.01 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02]; P = 0.04) and on interventions lasting up to 6 months (MD = 0.01 g/cm2 [95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02]; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Both high- and low-load RT have similar effects on femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD in aging people.
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