Ryo Yamamoto1,2, Adam C Wilkinson1,2, Hiromitsu Nakauchi1,2,3. 1. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Lorry I. Lokey Stem Cell Research Building. 2. Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. 3. Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by two key features: self-renewal ability and multilineage differentiation potential. Through these cellular activities, HSCs sustain blood and immune system homeostasis throughout life and can also reconstitute the entire haematopoietic system within a bone marrow ablated recipient. This approach of HSC transplantation is used clinically as a curative treatment option for numerous haematological diseases, both malignant and nonmalignant. RECENT FINDINGS: Elucidation of the mechanism of HSC expansion represents a major focus within haematology. Here, we review the recent progress towards understanding HSC expansion in vivo and ex vivo, including a discussion of recent clonal transplantation assays and the development of novel ex vivo culture systems. SUMMARY: Recent findings provide exciting promise for improving the safety and efficacy of current HSC-based therapies as well as for the development of new therapeutic paradigms.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by two key features: self-renewal ability and multilineage differentiation potential. Through these cellular activities, HSCs sustain blood and immune system homeostasis throughout life and can also reconstitute the entire haematopoietic system within a bone marrow ablated recipient. This approach of HSC transplantation is used clinically as a curative treatment option for numerous haematological diseases, both malignant and nonmalignant. RECENT FINDINGS: Elucidation of the mechanism of HSC expansion represents a major focus within haematology. Here, we review the recent progress towards understanding HSC expansion in vivo and ex vivo, including a discussion of recent clonal transplantation assays and the development of novel ex vivo culture systems. SUMMARY: Recent findings provide exciting promise for improving the safety and efficacy of current HSC-based therapies as well as for the development of new therapeutic paradigms.
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