Yurun Cai1,2,3, Jeffrey M Hausdorff4,5,6, Jonathan F Bean7,8,9, Brad Manor10,11,12, Tongjian You13, Suzanne G Leveille14,10,11. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. ycai28@jhu.edu. 2. Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA. ycai28@jhu.edu. 3. Center On Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, 2024 E. Monument St. Suite 2-207, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. ycai28@jhu.edu. 4. Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. 5. Sagol School of Neuroscience and Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 6. Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, II, USA. 7. New England Geriatric, Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA. 8. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 9. Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 10. Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. 11. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 12. Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA. 13. Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA. 14. Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Given the evidence of the links between cognition and mobility, participation in cognitive activities may benefit neuromotor performance and mobility in older adults. AIMS: To examine the association between participation in cognitive activities and foot reaction time (RT) and gait speed in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: The MOBILIZE Boston Study II (MBSII) re-enrolled 354 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 70 years from the original MBS cohort. Of these, 310 completed the performance testing and we excluded three participants who had Parkinson's disease. Cognitive Activities Scale (CAS) assessed participation in 17 cognitive activities. Simple and Choice foot RT (SRT, CRT, msec) and gait speed (m/s) were measured using a sensored GAITRite® gait mat. RESULTS: The average age of the 307 participants was 84 years; 79% were white and 65% were women. The average CAS score was 25.5 ± 11.7, indicating participation in approximately 26 activities per week on average. The average foot SRT was 245 ± 57msec and average CRT was 323 ± 85msec. Usual-paced gait speed was 0.9 ± 0.3 m/s on average. More frequent participation in cognitive activities was associated with shorter SRT (β = - 0.759, p = 0.015) and CRT (β = - 1.125, p = 0.013), and faster gait speed (β = 0.003, p = 0.026), after adjusting for potential confounders. DISCUSSION: Participation in cognitively stimulating activities may be beneficial for neuromotor performance and mobility in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective and intervention studies are needed to determine whether participation in cognitive activities may prevent mobility decline over time, and thus reduce fall risk.
BACKGROUND: Given the evidence of the links between cognition and mobility, participation in cognitive activities may benefit neuromotor performance and mobility in older adults. AIMS: To examine the association between participation in cognitive activities and foot reaction time (RT) and gait speed in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: The MOBILIZE Boston Study II (MBSII) re-enrolled 354 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 70 years from the original MBS cohort. Of these, 310 completed the performance testing and we excluded three participants who had Parkinson's disease. Cognitive Activities Scale (CAS) assessed participation in 17 cognitive activities. Simple and Choice foot RT (SRT, CRT, msec) and gait speed (m/s) were measured using a sensored GAITRite® gait mat. RESULTS: The average age of the 307 participants was 84 years; 79% were white and 65% were women. The average CAS score was 25.5 ± 11.7, indicating participation in approximately 26 activities per week on average. The average foot SRT was 245 ± 57msec and average CRT was 323 ± 85msec. Usual-paced gait speed was 0.9 ± 0.3 m/s on average. More frequent participation in cognitive activities was associated with shorter SRT (β = - 0.759, p = 0.015) and CRT (β = - 1.125, p = 0.013), and faster gait speed (β = 0.003, p = 0.026), after adjusting for potential confounders. DISCUSSION: Participation in cognitively stimulating activities may be beneficial for neuromotor performance and mobility in older adults. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective and intervention studies are needed to determine whether participation in cognitive activities may prevent mobility decline over time, and thus reduce fall risk.
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