Qianru Yang1, Bingchen Wu1, James R Eles1, Alberto L Vazquez2, Takashi D Y Kozai3, X Tracy Cui1. 1. Biomedical Science Tower 3, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA. 2. McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3025 East Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA. 3. Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Abstract
For brain computer interfaces (BCI), the immune response to implanted electrodes is a major biological cause of device failure. Bioactive coatings such as neural adhesion molecule L1 have been shown to improve the biocompatibility, but are difficult to handle or produce in batches. Here, a synthetic zwitterionic polymer coating, poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) is developed for neural implants with the goal of reducing the inflammatory host response. In tests in vitro, the zwitterionic coating inhibits protein adsorption and the attachment of fibroblasts and microglia, and remains stable for at least 4 weeks. In vivo two-photon microscopy on CX3CR1-GFP mice shows that the zwitterionic coating significantly suppresses the microglial encapsulation of neural microelectrodes over a 6 h observation period. Furthermore, the lower microglial encapsulation on zwitterionic polymer-coated microelectrodes is revealed to originate from a reduction in the size but not the number of microglial end feet. This work provides a facile method for coating neural implants with zwitterionic polymers and illustrates the initial interaction between microglia and coated surface at high temporal and spatial resolution.
For brain computer interfaces (BCI), the immune response to implanted electrodes is a major biological cause of device failure. Bioactive coatings such as neural adhesion molecule L1 have been shown to improve the biocompatibility, but are difficult to handle or produce in batches. Here, a synthetic zwitterionic n class="Chemical">polymer coating, poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) is developed for neural implants with the goal of reducing the inflammatory host response. In tests in vitro, the zwitterionic coating inhibits protein adsorption and the attachment of fibroblasts and microglia, and remains stable for at least 4 weeks. In vivo two-photon microscopy on CX3CR1-GFP mice shows that the zwitterionic coating significantly suppresses the microglial encapsulation of neural microelectrodes over a 6 h observation period. Furthermore, the lower microglial encapsulation on zwitterionic polymer-coated microelectrodes is revealed to originate from a reduction in the size but not the number of microglial end feet. This work provides a facile method for coating neural implants with zwitterionic polymers and illustrates the initial interaction between microglia and coated surface at high temporal and spatial resolution.
Authors: Christian Schachtrup; Jae K Ryu; Matthew J Helmrick; Eirini Vagena; Dennis K Galanakis; Jay L Degen; Richard U Margolis; Katerina Akassoglou Journal: J Neurosci Date: 2010-04-28 Impact factor: 6.167
Authors: Takashi D Y Kozai; Andrea S Jaquins-Gerstl; Alberto L Vazquez; Adrian C Michael; X Tracy Cui Journal: Biomaterials Date: 2016-02-10 Impact factor: 12.479
Authors: Mitchell Dubaniewicz; James R Eles; Stephanie Lam; Shanshan Song; Franca Cambi; Dandan Sun; Steven M Wellman; Takashi D Y Kozai Journal: J Neural Eng Date: 2021-03-19 Impact factor: 5.379