Jiayu Han1, Peng Jia2,3, Yuling Huang4, Bo Gao1, Bin Yu1, Shifan Yang1, Jun Yu5, Jun Xiong5, Chang Liu5, Tian Xie6, Peijie Dong1, Chao Yang7, Zixin Wang8, Shujuan Yang9,10. 1. Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. 2. Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. 3. International Initiative on Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China. 4. Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China. 5. Lu County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China. 6. Pidu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China. 7. Department of epidemiology and statistics, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China. 8. Centre for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. wangzx@cuhk.edu.hk. 9. Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. rekiny@126.com. 10. International Initiative on Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China. rekiny@126.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are common among older people living with HIV and associated with poorer health outcomes. Social capital is an important determinant of mental health problems but under-studied in this population. This study investigated the association between social capital and mental health problems among older people living with HIV in China. METHODS: The study was based on the baseline data of a cohort study investigating mental health among older people living with HIV in Sichuan, China during November 2018 to February 2019. Participants were people living with HIV aged ≥50 years living in Sichuan province. Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit participants from 30 communities/towns; 529 out of 556 participants being approached completed the face-to-face interview. Social capital was measured by two validated health-related social capital scales: the Individual and Family scale and the Community and Society scale. Presence of probable depression (CES-D-10 score ≥ 10) and probable anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥ 5) were used as dependent variables. Two-level logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between social capital and probable depression/anxiety. RESULTS: The prevalence of probable depression and probable anxiety was 25.9% (137/529) and 36.3% (192/529), respectively. After adjusting for significant covariates, the individual/family level of social capital was inversely associated with both probable depression (odds ratios (OR): 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, p < 0.001) and probable anxiety (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95, p < 0.001). The community/society level social capital was associated with probable depression (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.99, p < 0.001) but not probable anxiety (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Interventions building up social capital should be considered to improve mental health of older people living with HIV. Some useful strategies include cognitive processing therapy, improving community networking and engagement, and promoting social bonding with neighborhood.
BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are common among older people living with HIV and associated with poorer health outcomes. Social capital is an important determinant of mental health problems but under-studied in this population. This study investigated the association between social capital and mental health problems among older people living with HIV in China. METHODS: The study was based on the baseline data of a cohort study investigating mental health among older people living with HIV in Sichuan, China during November 2018 to February 2019. Participants were people living with HIV aged ≥50 years living in Sichuan province. Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit participants from 30 communities/towns; 529 out of 556 participants being approached completed the face-to-face interview. Social capital was measured by two validated health-related social capital scales: the Individual and Family scale and the Community and Society scale. Presence of probable depression (CES-D-10 score ≥ 10) and probable anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥ 5) were used as dependent variables. Two-level logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between social capital and probable depression/anxiety. RESULTS: The prevalence of probable depression and probable anxiety was 25.9% (137/529) and 36.3% (192/529), respectively. After adjusting for significant covariates, the individual/family level of social capital was inversely associated with both probable depression (odds ratios (OR): 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, p < 0.001) and probable anxiety (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95, p < 0.001). The community/society level social capital was associated with probable depression (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.99, p < 0.001) but not probable anxiety (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Interventions building up social capital should be considered to improve mental health of older people living with HIV. Some useful strategies include cognitive processing therapy, improving community networking and engagement, and promoting social bonding with neighborhood.
Entities:
Keywords:
Anxiety; China; Depression; HIV; Mental health; Social capital
Authors: Ke Chun Zhang; Yuan Fang; He Cao; Hongbiao Chen; Tian Hu; Yaqi Chen; Xiaofeng Zhou; Zixin Wang Journal: J Med Internet Res Date: 2021-03-09 Impact factor: 5.428
Authors: Lei He; Bin Yu; Jun Yu; Jun Xiong; Yuling Huang; Tian Xie; Qi Chai; Bo Gao; Shujuan Yang Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2021-12-11 Impact factor: 3.295