Ashley J Han1, Louie C Alexander1, Janet L Huebner1, Alexander B Reed1, Virginia B Kraus1,2. 1. Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of physical activity and food consumption on plasma concentrations of free and total transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), beta-2 (TGF-β2), and beta-3 (TGF-β3) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Participants (n = 40 in 2 cohorts of 20; mean age 70 years) with radiographic knee OA were admitted overnight for serial blood sampling. Cohorts 1 and 2 assessed the impacts of food intake and activity, respectively, on TGF-β concentrations. Cohort 1 blood draws included 2 hours postprandial the evening of day 1 (T3), fasting before rising on day 2 (T0), nonfasting 1 hour after rising (T1B), and 4 hours after rising (T2). Cohort 2 blood draws included T3, T0, fasting 1 hour after rising and performing activities of daily living (T1A), and nonfasting 2 hours after rising (T1B). By sandwich ELISAs, we quantified plasma free and total TGF-β1 concentrations in all samples, and plasma total TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 in cohort 2. RESULTS: Free TGF-β1 represented a small fraction of the total systemic concentration (mean 0.026%). In cohort 2, free and total TGF-β1 and total TGF-β2 concentration significantly increased in fasting samples collected after an hour (T1A) of activities of daily living (free TGF-β1: P = 0.006; total TGF-β1: P < 0.001; total TGF-β2: P = 0.001). Total TGF-β3 increased nonsignificantly following activity (P = 0.590) and decreased (P = 0.035) after food consumption while resting (T1B). CONCLUSIONS: Increased plasma concentrations of TGF-β with physical activity suggests activity should be standardized prior to TGF-β1 analyses.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of physical activity and food consumption on plasma concentrations of free and total transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), beta-2 (TGF-β2), and beta-3 (TGF-β3) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Participants (n = 40 in 2 cohorts of 20; mean age 70 years) with radiographic knee OA were admitted overnight for serial blood sampling. Cohorts 1 and 2 assessed the impacts of food intake and activity, respectively, on TGF-β concentrations. Cohort 1 blood draws included 2 hours postprandial the evening of day 1 (T3), fasting before rising on day 2 (T0), nonfasting 1 hour after rising (T1B), and 4 hours after rising (T2). Cohort 2 blood draws included T3, T0, fasting 1 hour after rising and performing activities of daily living (T1A), and nonfasting 2 hours after rising (T1B). By sandwich ELISAs, we quantified plasma free and total TGF-β1 concentrations in all samples, and plasma total TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 in cohort 2. RESULTS: Free TGF-β1 represented a small fraction of the total systemic concentration (mean 0.026%). In cohort 2, free and total TGF-β1 and total TGF-β2 concentration significantly increased in fasting samples collected after an hour (T1A) of activities of daily living (free TGF-β1: P = 0.006; total TGF-β1: P < 0.001; total TGF-β2: P = 0.001). Total TGF-β3 increased nonsignificantly following activity (P = 0.590) and decreased (P = 0.035) after food consumption while resting (T1B). CONCLUSIONS: Increased plasma concentrations of TGF-β with physical activity suggests activity should be standardized prior to TGF-β1 analyses.
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