Nai-Ching Chi1, Emelia Barani2, Ying-Kai Fu3, Lynn Nakad4, Stephanie Gilbertson-White4, Keela Herr4, Seyedehtanaz Saeidzadeh4. 1. College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. Electronic address: nai-ching-chi@uiowa.edu. 2. Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. 3. College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. 4. College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Family caregivers encounter many challenges when managing pain for their loved ones. There is a lack of clear recommendations on how to prepare caregivers in pain management. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate existing interventions that support family caregivers in providing pain management to patients with all disease types. METHODS: Four electronic databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Cumulative Index for Nursing Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and Scopus) using index and keyword methods for articles published before December 2019. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality. RESULTS: The search identified 6851 studies, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Only two studies exclusively focused on noncancer populations (8%). Three types of interventions were identified in this review: educational interventions, cognitive-behavioral interventions, and technology-based interventions. Both educational and cognitive-behavioral interventions improved family caregiver and patient outcomes, but the content and intensity of these interventions in these studies varied widely, and there was a limited number of randomized clinical trials (68%). Hence, it is unclear what strategies are most effective to prepare family caregivers in pain management. Technology-based interventions were feasible to support family caregivers in providing pain management. CONCLUSION: Providing adequate pain management training can improve patient and family caregiver outcomes. However, the most effective interventions for family caregivers are still unclear. More rigorous and replicable clinical trials are needed to examine the effects of educational interventions, cognitive-behavioral interventions, and technology-based interventions. Also, more studies are needed in patients with a noncancer diagnosis or multimorbidity.
CONTEXT: Family caregivers encounter many challenges when managing pain for their loved ones. There is a lack of clear recommendations on how to prepare caregivers in pain management. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate existing interventions that support family caregivers in providing pain management to patients with all disease types. METHODS: Four electronic databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Cumulative Index for Nursing Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and Scopus) using index and keyword methods for articles published before December 2019. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality. RESULTS: The search identified 6851 studies, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Only two studies exclusively focused on noncancer populations (8%). Three types of interventions were identified in this review: educational interventions, cognitive-behavioral interventions, and technology-based interventions. Both educational and cognitive-behavioral interventions improved family caregiver and patient outcomes, but the content and intensity of these interventions in these studies varied widely, and there was a limited number of randomized clinical trials (68%). Hence, it is unclear what strategies are most effective to prepare family caregivers in pain management. Technology-based interventions were feasible to support family caregivers in providing pain management. CONCLUSION: Providing adequate pain management training can improve patient and family caregiver outcomes. However, the most effective interventions for family caregivers are still unclear. More rigorous and replicable clinical trials are needed to examine the effects of educational interventions, cognitive-behavioral interventions, and technology-based interventions. Also, more studies are needed in patients with a noncancer diagnosis or multimorbidity.
Authors: John G Cagle; Sheryl Zimmerman; Lauren W Cohen; Laura S Porter; Laura C Hanson; David Reed Journal: J Pain Symptom Manage Date: 2014-05-28 Impact factor: 3.612
Authors: Brenda K Edwards; Anne-Michelle Noone; Angela B Mariotto; Edgar P Simard; Francis P Boscoe; S Jane Henley; Ahmedin Jemal; Hyunsoon Cho; Robert N Anderson; Betsy A Kohler; Christie R Eheman; Elizabeth M Ward Journal: Cancer Date: 2013-12-16 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: Gabrielle B Rocque; Anne E Barnett; Lisa C Illig; Jens C Eickhoff; Howard H Bailey; Toby C Campbell; James A Stewart; James F Cleary Journal: J Oncol Pract Date: 2013-01 Impact factor: 3.840
Authors: Janine van Kooten; Suzanne Delwel; Tarik T Binnekade; Martin Smalbrugge; Johannes C van der Wouden; Roberto S G M Perez; Didi Rhebergen; Wouter W A Zuurmond; Max L Stek; Frank Lobbezoo; Cees M P M Hertogh; Erik J A Scherder Journal: BMC Geriatr Date: 2015-03-21 Impact factor: 3.921