| Literature DB >> 32288845 |
H Guberina1, M Sava1, O Witzke1,2.
Abstract
Patients with immunodeficiency and/or under immunosuppressive therapy have an increased risk of complications due to infectious diseases. After solid organ transplantation infections are the second most common cause of death. Prophylactic measures should therefore routinely be carried out. Infections in immunosuppressed patients may be associated with atypical clinical symptoms making the diagnosis and therapy a challenge for the treating physician. Viral and opportunistic infections in particular can be a therapeutic pitfall. A careful surveillance of the patient with respect to infectious diseases is essential in order to be able to make an early diagnosis and initiate appropriate measures. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016.Entities:
Keywords: Immunocompromised host; Infectious complications; Organ transplantation; Prophylaxis; Vaccination
Year: 2016 PMID: 32288845 PMCID: PMC7104138 DOI: 10.1007/s11560-016-0098-6
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Nephrologe ISSN: 1862-040X

| <1 Monat nach Transplantation – nosokomial | 1–6 Monate nach Transplantation – reaktivierte, rekurrente, opportunistische Infektionen | >6 Monate „Community-acquired“-Infektionen |
|---|---|---|
Infektion durch – MRSA – VRE – Aspiration – katheterassoziierte Infektion – Wundinfektion – Anastomosenleck und Ischämie – Clostridium-difficile-Kolitis Spenderabhängige Infektion (selten): – HSV – LCMV – Rhabdovirus (Tollwut) – West-Nil-Virus – HIV – Empfängerabhängige Infektion (Kolonisation): – Aspergillen – | Mit PCP und antiviraler (Cotrimoxazol + Valgancyclovir) Prophylaxe: – Polyomavirus (BK)-Infektion – C.-difficile – HCV-Infektion – Adenovirusinfektion – Influenza – Kryptokokkose – Mycobacterium-tuberculosis-Infektion Anastomoseassoziierte Komplikationen Ohne Prophylaxe: – – Herpesvireninfektion (HSV, VZV, CMV, EBV) – HBV-Infektion Infektion durch | Ambulant erworbene Pneumonie, Harnwegsinfektion Infektion durch Infektion durch Späte Virusinfektionen: – CMV-Infektion (Kolitis und Retinitis) – Hepatitis (HBV, HCV) – HSV-Enzephalitis – ambulant erworbene (SARS, West-Nil-Virus) JC-Polyomavirus-Infektion (PML) Hautkrebs, Lymphom (PTLD) |
PCP Pneumocystispneumonie, MRSA methicillinresistente Staphylococcus aureus, VRE vancomycinresistente Enterokkoken, HBV Hepatitis-B-Virus, HCV Hepatitis-C-Virus, HSV Herpes-simplex-Virus, LCMV „Iymphocytic choriomeningitis virus“, HIV humanes Immundefizienzvirus, VZV Varizella-zoster-Virus, CMV Zytomegalievirus, EBV Epstein-Barr-Virus, SARS schweres akutes respiratorisches Syndrom, PML progressive multifokale Leukenzephalopathie, PTLD „post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder“

