Danielle S Abraham1,2,3,4, Thanh Phuong Pham Nguyen1,2,3,4, Sean Hennessy3,4, Daniel Weintraub1,5,6, Shelly L Gray7, Dawei Xie3,4, Allison W Willis1,2,3,4. 1. Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 2. Department of Neurology Translational Center for Excellence for Neuroepidemiology and Neurological Outcomes Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 3. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 4. Department of Biostatics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 5. Parkinson's Disease Research, Education and Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 6. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 7. Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, WA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: impairments in neurotransmitter pathways put Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at risk for drug-disease interactions and adverse medication events. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence and risk factors for potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prescriptions, as defined by the 2015 Beers List, in PD. METHODS: cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 2014 Medicare beneficiaries with PD who had parts A, B and D coverage. The prevalence of PIM prescriptions for older adults was determined overall, and specifically for medications that can exacerbate motor symptoms or cognitive impairment in PD. Logistic regression models were constructed to determine the association between age, sex, race, geography and poverty with PIM prescriptions. RESULTS: the final sample included 458,086 beneficiaries. In 2014, 35.8% of beneficiaries with PD filled a prescription for at least one PIM for older adults. In total, 8.7% of beneficiaries received a PIM that could exacerbate motor symptoms and 29.0% received a PIM that could worsen cognitive impairment. After adjustment, in all models, beneficiaries who were younger, female, white, urban-dwelling and eligible for Medicaid benefits were more likely to receive a PIM. CONCLUSION: PIM prescriptions are not uncommon in PD, particularly for medications that can exacerbate cognitive impairment. Future research will examine underlying drivers of sex and other disparities in PIM prescribing. Additional studies are needed to understand the impact of PIMs on disease symptoms, healthcare utilisation and patient outcomes.
BACKGROUND: impairments in neurotransmitter pathways put Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at risk for drug-disease interactions and adverse medication events. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence and risk factors for potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prescriptions, as defined by the 2015 Beers List, in PD. METHODS: cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 2014 Medicare beneficiaries with PD who had parts A, B and D coverage. The prevalence of PIM prescriptions for older adults was determined overall, and specifically for medications that can exacerbate motor symptoms or cognitive impairment in PD. Logistic regression models were constructed to determine the association between age, sex, race, geography and poverty with PIM prescriptions. RESULTS: the final sample included 458,086 beneficiaries. In 2014, 35.8% of beneficiaries with PD filled a prescription for at least one PIM for older adults. In total, 8.7% of beneficiaries received a PIM that could exacerbate motor symptoms and 29.0% received a PIM that could worsen cognitive impairment. After adjustment, in all models, beneficiaries who were younger, female, white, urban-dwelling and eligible for Medicaid benefits were more likely to receive a PIM. CONCLUSION: PIM prescriptions are not uncommon in PD, particularly for medications that can exacerbate cognitive impairment. Future research will examine underlying drivers of sex and other disparities in PIM prescribing. Additional studies are needed to understand the impact of PIMs on disease symptoms, healthcare utilisation and patient outcomes.
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