Ying Yang1, Shumo Li2, Jia He3, Xian Zhao3, Wei Chen4, Xiaoming Dai3, Liu Liu3. 1. Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. 2. Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. 3. Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. 4. Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) injection for breast augmentation has been prohibited for many years, the long-term complications will be significant for a long period. Few research articles have focused on the clinicopathological analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We summarized clinical and pathological features of 90 cases after PAAG-injected breast augmentation, including 2 cases of breast cancer developed following PAAG injection. RESULTS: All patients were females between the ages of 30 and 64 years (mean, 44 years). The complications included masses (75.58%), pain (45.35%), migration (22.09%), deformation (18.60%), infection (16.28%), induration (4.65%), and psychological fear (2.33%). Microscopically, the PAAG presented as purple gel pools, and the foreign body reaction was noted in all 90 patients. The proportion of fibrous component exceeded 90% in 26 cases (28.89%). Chronic and acute inflammation was noted in 70 (77.78%) and 9 (10%) patients, respectively. The mammary gland around the gel displayed atrophy in 18 cases (20.00%), adenosis in 33 cases (36.67%), ductal carcinoma in situ in 1 case (1.11%), and invasive carcinoma in 1 case (1.11%). CONCLUSION: The long-term complications of PAAG-injected breast augmentation are various and complex. Pathologically, these complications are associated with foreign body reaction, fibrosis, and inflammation.
BACKGROUND: Although polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) injection for breast augmentation has been prohibited for many years, the long-term complications will be significant for a long period. Few research articles have focused on the clinicopathological analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We summarized clinical and pathological features of 90 cases after PAAG-injected breast augmentation, including 2 cases of breast cancer developed following PAAG injection. RESULTS: All patients were females between the ages of 30 and 64 years (mean, 44 years). The complications included masses (75.58%), pain (45.35%), migration (22.09%), deformation (18.60%), infection (16.28%), induration (4.65%), and psychological fear (2.33%). Microscopically, the PAAG presented as purple gel pools, and the foreign body reaction was noted in all 90 patients. The proportion of fibrous component exceeded 90% in 26 cases (28.89%). Chronic and acute inflammation was noted in 70 (77.78%) and 9 (10%) patients, respectively. The mammary gland around the gel displayed atrophy in 18 cases (20.00%), adenosis in 33 cases (36.67%), ductal carcinoma in situ in 1 case (1.11%), and invasive carcinoma in 1 case (1.11%). CONCLUSION: The long-term complications of PAAG-injected breast augmentation are various and complex. Pathologically, these complications are associated with foreign body reaction, fibrosis, and inflammation.
Authors: Lise H Christensen; Vibeke B Breiting; Annet Aasted; Anna Jørgensen; Ivan Kebuladze Journal: Plast Reconstr Surg Date: 2003-05 Impact factor: 4.730