Animal Use in Neurobiological Research.

The fact that neurobiological research is reliant upon laboratory-reared rodents is well known. The following paper discusses this topic broadly, but also aims to highlight other species used in the study of the nervous system and the evolution of animal species usage from the end of World War II through recent investigations. Attention is drawn to the dramatic reduction in the diversity of species used in neuroscience, with a significant shift toward two species, the mouse (Mus musculus) and rat (Rattus norvegicus). Such a limitation in animal species causes many difficulties in the development of new therapies for various neuropsychiatric diseases. Based on numerous scientific publications, the advantages of using a greater diversity of species in neuroscience and the disadvantages of focusing on mice and rats are presented.