BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent and impairing condition. Behavioral activation (BA) is a parsimonious, cost-effective, and easily disseminated psychological intervention for depression. The current meta-analysis expands on the existing literature supporting the efficacy of BA for depression by examining the effects of BA on additional relevant outcomes for patients with depression, namely the reduction in anxiety symptoms and increase in activation. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials of BA for depression compared to active and inactive control were identified via a systematic review. Effect sizes using Hedges's g were calculated for each outcome compared to both active and inactive control using random effects models. Subgroup analyses were used to examine the inclusion of a discussion of values as a moderator of depression symptom outcome in BA. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included. Meta-analyses of symptom change between groups from baseline-to-post intervention indicated that BA outperformed inactive control conditions for improvements in depression (g = 0.83), anxiety (g = 0.37), and activation (g = 0.64). The difference between BA and active control conditions was not significant for improvements in depression (g = 0.15), anxiety (g = 0.03), and activation (g = 0.04). There was no evidence for a discussion of values augmenting BA efficacy. Study quality was generally low, and there was evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to improving depression, BA shows efficacy for reducing symptoms of anxiety and increasing activation. BA may not offer better outcomes relative to other active interventions. There is room for improvement in the quality of research in this area.
BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent and impairing condition. Behavioral activation (BA) is a parsimonious, cost-effective, and easily disseminated psychological intervention for depression. The current meta-analysis expands on the existing literature supporting the efficacy of BA for depression by examining the effects of BA on additional relevant outcomes for patients with depression, namely the reduction in anxiety symptoms and increase in activation. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials of BA for depression compared to active and inactive control were identified via a systematic review. Effect sizes using Hedges's g were calculated for each outcome compared to both active and inactive control using random effects models. Subgroup analyses were used to examine the inclusion of a discussion of values as a moderator of depression symptom outcome in BA. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included. Meta-analyses of symptom change between groups from baseline-to-post intervention indicated that BA outperformed inactive control conditions for improvements in depression (g = 0.83), anxiety (g = 0.37), and activation (g = 0.64). The difference between BA and active control conditions was not significant for improvements in depression (g = 0.15), anxiety (g = 0.03), and activation (g = 0.04). There was no evidence for a discussion of values augmenting BA efficacy. Study quality was generally low, and there was evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to improving depression, BA shows efficacy for reducing symptoms of anxiety and increasing activation. BA may not offer better outcomes relative to other active interventions. There is room for improvement in the quality of research in this area.
Authors: Daniel Acosta; Yui Fujii; Diana Joyce-Beaulieu; K D Jacobs; Anthony T Maurelli; Eric J Nelson; Sarah L McKune Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-08-13 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Lena Violetta Krämer; Claudia Mueller-Weinitschke; Tina Zeiss; Harald Baumeister; David Daniel Ebert; Jürgen Bengel Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2022-01-24 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Rumaisa Abu Hasan; Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff; Tong Boon Tang; Yasir Hafeez; Mazlina Che Mustafa; Masayu Dzainudin; Juppri Bacotang; Ubaid M Al-Saggaf; Syed Saad Azhar Ali Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-04-06 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Lindsey W Vilca; Evelyn L Chambi-Mamani; Emely D Quispe-Kana; Mónica Hernández-López; Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-15 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Claire Rosalie van Genugten; Josien Schuurmans; Adriaan W Hoogendoorn; Ricardo Araya; Gerhard Andersson; Rosa Baños; Cristina Botella; Arlinda Cerga Pashoja; Roman Cieslak; David Daniel Ebert; Azucena García-Palacios; Jean-Baptiste Hazo; Rocío Herrero; Jérôme Holtzmann; Lise Kemmeren; Annet Kleiboer; Tobias Krieger; Ewelina Smoktunowicz; Ingrid Titzler; Naira Topooco; Antoine Urech; Johannes H Smit; Heleen Riper Journal: JMIR Ment Health Date: 2021-12-06