Ziting Wu1, Xi Chen2, Guoxing Li3, Lin Tian4, Zhan Wang5, Xiuqin Xiong6, Chuan Yang7, Zijun Zhou8, Xiaochuan Pan9. 1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States. 2. Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States; Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States. 3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. 4. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute for Packaging Materials and Pharmaceutical Excipients Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100150, China. 5. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Research Company Ltd, Nanjing 210042, China. 6. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Health Policy Center, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia. 7. Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China. 8. Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. 9. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: xcpan@bjmu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few studies have estimated the attributable risk and economic cost of mental disorders (MDs) due to particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure in Beijing. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify the possible correlation between PM2.5 and risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for MDs in Beijing and calculate the attributable risk and economic cost. METHODS: A generalized additive model (GAM) with controlling for time trend, meteorological conditions, holidays and day of the week was used to estimate the associations. Stratified analyses were performed by age, gender and season. We further estimated the health and economic burden of HAs for MDs attributable to PM2.5. FINDINGS: A total of 17,252 HAs for MDs were collected. A 10 μg/m3 daily increase in PM2.5 was associated with a statistically significant risk increase of 3.55% for HAs for MDs. The effects of PM2.5 exposures on HAs for MDs were more pronounced in males, elderly (≥65 years old) individuals and in cold seasons. Using WHO's air quality guidelines as the reference, 15.12% of HAs and 16.19% of the related medical expenses for MDs were attributed to PM2.5 during the study period. NOVELTY: PM2.5 accounts for substantial morbidity and economic burden of MDs for both the society and households, which shows environmental protections are essential to improve mental health status of the population.
BACKGROUND: Few studies have estimated the attributable risk and economic cost of mental disorders (MDs) due to particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure in Beijing. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify the possible correlation between PM2.5 and risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for MDs in Beijing and calculate the attributable risk and economic cost. METHODS: A generalized additive model (GAM) with controlling for time trend, meteorological conditions, holidays and day of the week was used to estimate the associations. Stratified analyses were performed by age, gender and season. We further estimated the health and economic burden of HAs for MDs attributable to PM2.5. FINDINGS: A total of 17,252 HAs for MDs were collected. A 10 μg/m3 daily increase in PM2.5 was associated with a statistically significant risk increase of 3.55% for HAs for MDs. The effects of PM2.5 exposures on HAs for MDs were more pronounced in males, elderly (≥65 years old) individuals and in cold seasons. Using WHO's air quality guidelines as the reference, 15.12% of HAs and 16.19% of the related medical expenses for MDs were attributed to PM2.5 during the study period. NOVELTY: PM2.5 accounts for substantial morbidity and economic burden of MDs for both the society and households, which shows environmental protections are essential to improve mental health status of the population.
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