Elena Tarricone1, Rossella Elia1, Elena Mattiuzzo1, Alessia Faggian1, Assunta Pozzuoli2,3, Pietro Ruggieri3, Paola Brun1. 1. Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. 2. Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. 3. Orthopedic and Traumatologic Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of the complex triamcinolone acetonide-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (TA-CD) on in vitro inflamed primary human articular chondrocytes in the presence or absence of the mixture hyaluronic acid-Chitlac, a lactose-modified chitosan (HA-CTL). DESIGN: Changes in cell viability and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression were analyzed in human chondrocytes using an in vitro model of macrophage-mediated inflammation. Human monocytes U937 were differentiated to macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The anti-inflammatory effects of the complex TA-CD and HA-CTL mixture were assessed on chondrocytes exposed for 24 hours to U937 conditioned medium (CM), by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS: The TA-CD viability was enhanced by the presence of the HA-CTL mixture in chondrocyte cultures. The exposure of cells to CM significantly increased interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 gene expression, and when the complex TA-CD was added to the inflamed cells, gene transcription of cytokines was restored to near baseline values, both in the presence or in the absence of HA-CTL mixture. CONCLUSION: The addition of HA-CTL mixture significantly attenuated cytotoxicity induced by TA and preserved the anti-inflammatory effects, thus confirming the chondroprotective role of the HA-CTL mixture.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of the complex triamcinolone acetonide-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (TA-CD) on in vitro inflamed primary human articular chondrocytes in the presence or absence of the mixture hyaluronic acid-Chitlac, a lactose-modified chitosan (HA-CTL). DESIGN: Changes in cell viability and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression were analyzed in human chondrocytes using an in vitro model of macrophage-mediated inflammation. Human monocytes U937 were differentiated to macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The anti-inflammatory effects of the complex TA-CD and HA-CTL mixture were assessed on chondrocytes exposed for 24 hours to U937 conditioned medium (CM), by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS: The TA-CD viability was enhanced by the presence of the HA-CTL mixture in chondrocyte cultures. The exposure of cells to CM significantly increased interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 gene expression, and when the complex TA-CD was added to the inflamed cells, gene transcription of cytokines was restored to near baseline values, both in the presence or in the absence of HA-CTL mixture. CONCLUSION: The addition of HA-CTL mixture significantly attenuated cytotoxicity induced by TA and preserved the anti-inflammatory effects, thus confirming the chondroprotective role of the HA-CTL mixture.
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