Magdalena Gómez-Mateos1, Francisco Arrebola2, María Concepción Navarro3, María Carmen Romero4, José María González5, Adela Valero4. 1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. magda86@correo.ugr.es. 2. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071, Granada, Spain. 3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. 4. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. 5. Pharmacy Services, University Hospital San Cecilio of Granada, Calle Dr. Olóriz, 16, 18012, Granada, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The accidental ingestion of the third larval stage of Anisakis can cause acute clinical symptoms, which are relieved via extraction of the larvae. Although this is a highly effective technique, it can only be practiced when the larvae are found in accessible areas of the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore instead the condition has often been treated using various different drugs. AIMS: This study evaluates the effectiveness of gastric acid secretion inhibitors (omeprazole and ranitidine), gastric mucosal protectants (sucralfate) and anthelmintics (mebendazole and flubendazole) in treating anisakiasis in Wistar rats. METHODS: Rats were infected with Anisakis-type I larvae and administered the drugs via a gastric probe. Data were recorded regarding the number of live and dead larvae, their location both within the animal and in its feces, and the presence of gastrointestinal lesions. Additionally, gastric pH was measured and histology performed. RESULTS: While rats in all experimental groups exhibited lesions; those treated with ranitidine and mebendazole showed significantly fewer lesions (50% and 35% of rats exhibited lesions, respectively). Histological examination of the gastric lesions revealed infection-induced changes, but no significant differences were observed between the treated and untreated rats. CONCLUSIONS: Mebendazole was found to be most efficacious in preventing gastrointestinal lesions, followed by ranitidine, which was the most effective antacid of those studied. Both these drugs could thus be considered as part of the conservative management of anisakiasis.
BACKGROUND: The accidental ingestion of the third larval stage of Anisakis can cause acute clinical symptoms, which are relieved via extraction of the larvae. Although this is a highly effective technique, it can only be practiced when the larvae are found in accessible areas of the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore instead the condition has often been treated using various different drugs. AIMS: This study evaluates the effectiveness of gastric acid secretion inhibitors (omeprazole and ranitidine), gastric mucosal protectants (sucralfate) and anthelmintics (mebendazole and flubendazole) in treating anisakiasis in Wistar rats. METHODS:Rats were infected with Anisakis-type I larvae and administered the drugs via a gastric probe. Data were recorded regarding the number of live and dead larvae, their location both within the animal and in its feces, and the presence of gastrointestinal lesions. Additionally, gastric pH was measured and histology performed. RESULTS: While rats in all experimental groups exhibited lesions; those treated with ranitidine and mebendazole showed significantly fewer lesions (50% and 35% of rats exhibited lesions, respectively). Histological examination of the gastric lesions revealed infection-induced changes, but no significant differences were observed between the treated and untreated rats. CONCLUSIONS:Mebendazole was found to be most efficacious in preventing gastrointestinal lesions, followed by ranitidine, which was the most effective antacid of those studied. Both these drugs could thus be considered as part of the conservative management of anisakiasis.
Entities:
Keywords:
Anisakiasis; Anthelmintics; Drug therapy; Gastric acidity; Stomach histological sections
Authors: Amirah Amir; Romano Ngui; Wan Hafiz Wan Ismail; Kum T Wong; Jaxinthe S K Ong; Yvonne A L Lim; Yee-Ling Lau; Rohela Mahmud Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2016-06-20 Impact factor: 2.345