BACKGROUND: Yellow fever (YF) is a severe, infectious, but non-communicable arboviral hemorrhagic disease. In the last decades, yellow fever virus (YFV) infections have been prevalent in endemic areas in Brazil, affecting human and non-human primate (NHP) populations. Monitoring of NHP infection started in 1999, and reports of epizootic diseases are considered important indicators of viral transmission, particularly in relation to the sylvatic cycle. This study presents the monitoring of YFV by real-time RT-PCR and the epidemiological findings related to the deaths of NHPs in the south-eastern states and in the north-eastern state of Bahia, during the outbreak of YF in Brazil during 2017 and 2018. METHODS: A total of 4198 samples from 2099 NHPs from south-eastern and north-eastern Brazilian states were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR). RESULTS: A total of 4198 samples from 2099 NHPs from south-eastern and north-eastern Brazilian states were collected between 2017 and 2018. The samples were subjected to molecular diagnostics for YFV detection using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) techniques. Epizootics were coincident with human YF cases. Furthermore, our results showed that the YF frequency was higher among marmosets (Callithrix sp.) than in previous reports. Viremia in species of the genus Alouatta and Callithrix differed greatly. DISCUSSION: Our results indicate a need for further investigation of the role of Callithrix spp. in the transmission cycles of YFV in Brazil. In particular, YFV transmission was observed in a region where viral circulation has not been recorded for decades and thus vaccination has not been previously recommended. CONCLUSIONS: This highlights the need to straighten epizootic surveillance and evaluate the extent of vaccination programmes in Brazil in previously considered "YFV-free" areas of the country.
BACKGROUND:Yellow fever (YF) is a severe, infectious, but non-communicable arboviral hemorrhagic disease. In the last decades, yellow fever virus (YFV) infections have been prevalent in endemic areas in Brazil, affecting human and non-human primate (NHP) populations. Monitoring of NHP infection started in 1999, and reports of epizootic diseases are considered important indicators of viral transmission, particularly in relation to the sylvatic cycle. This study presents the monitoring of YFV by real-time RT-PCR and the epidemiological findings related to the deaths of NHPs in the south-eastern states and in the north-eastern state of Bahia, during the outbreak of YF in Brazil during 2017 and 2018. METHODS: A total of 4198 samples from 2099 NHPs from south-eastern and north-eastern Brazilian states were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR). RESULTS: A total of 4198 samples from 2099 NHPs from south-eastern and north-eastern Brazilian states were collected between 2017 and 2018. The samples were subjected to molecular diagnostics for YFV detection using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) techniques. Epizootics were coincident with humanYF cases. Furthermore, our results showed that the YF frequency was higher among marmosets (Callithrix sp.) than in previous reports. Viremia in species of the genus Alouatta and Callithrix differed greatly. DISCUSSION: Our results indicate a need for further investigation of the role of Callithrix spp. in the transmission cycles of YFV in Brazil. In particular, YFV transmission was observed in a region where viral circulation has not been recorded for decades and thus vaccination has not been previously recommended. CONCLUSIONS: This highlights the need to straighten epizootic surveillance and evaluate the extent of vaccination programmes in Brazil in previously considered "YFV-free" areas of the country.
Authors: Jaqueline Goes de Jesus; Tiago Gräf; Marta Giovanetti; Maria Angélica Mares-Guia; Joilson Xavier; Maricelia Lima Maia; Vagner Fonseca; Allison Fabri; Roberto Fonseca Dos Santos; Felicidade Mota Pereira; Leandro Ferraz Oliveira Santos; Luciana Reboredo de Oliveira da Silva; Zuinara Pereira Gusmão Maia; Jananci Xavier Gomes Cerqueira; Julien Thèze; Leandro Abade; Mirza de Carvalho Santana Cordeiro; Sintia Sacramento Cerqueira Torquato; Eloisa Bahia Santana; Neuza Santos de Jesus Silva; Rosemary Sarmento Oitiçica Dourado; Ademilson Brás Alves; Adeilde do Socorro Guedes; Pedro Macedo da Silva Filho; Nuno Rodrigues Faria; Carlos F Campelo de Albuquerque; André Luiz de Abreu; Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano; Julio Croda; Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said; Gabriel Muricy Cunha; Jeane Magnavita da Fonseca Cerqueira; Arabela Leal E Silva de Mello; Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis; Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2020-08-11
Authors: Sabrina L Li; André L Acosta; Sarah C Hill; Oliver J Brady; Marco A B de Almeida; Jader da C Cardoso; Arran Hamlet; Luis F Mucci; Juliana Telles de Deus; Felipe C M Iani; Neil S Alexander; G R William Wint; Oliver G Pybus; Moritz U G Kraemer; Nuno R Faria; Jane P Messina Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2022-01-07
Authors: Jéssica S C Martins; Maria L A Oliveira; Cristiana C Garcia; Marilda M Siqueira; Aline R Matos Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol Date: 2020-07-10 Impact factor: 5.293
Authors: Roberto C Ilacqua; Antônio R Medeiros-Sousa; Daniel G Ramos; Marcos T Obara; Walter Ceretti-Junior; Luis F Mucci; Mauro T Marrelli; Gabriel Z Laporta Journal: J Environ Public Health Date: 2021-07-23