Anne Sanders1, Michelle Cardel2, Nadia Laniado3, Linda Kaste4, Tracy Finlayson5, Krista Perreira6, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez7. 1. Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 2. Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics and Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. 3. Department of Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, USA. 4. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA. 5. San Diego State University, School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA. 6. Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 7. Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Fermentable carbohydrate is universally recognized as the major dietary risk factor for dental caries. We assessed the broader relationship between diet quality and dental caries in a diverse Latinx adult population. METHODS: In a cross-sectional probability sample, 14,517 dentate men and women in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) received a dental examination and completed two 24-hours dietary recalls and a food propensity questionnaire. The 2010 Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) assessed diet quality and the National Cancer Institute method predicted usual intake of the 11 dietary components that comprise the AHEI. Dental caries experience was quantified using the decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) index. Covariates included sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. Survey multivariable-adjusted linear regression models quantified the relationship of 2010 AHEI score, and its 11 components, with DMFS. RESULTS: In multivariable-adjusted models, each 10-unit increase in diet quality score was associated with 2.5 fewer (95% confidence interval: -3.4, -1.6) DMFS. The relationship was pronounced among foreign-born individuals, who comprised three-quarters of the sample, irrespective of their length of US residence, but was not apparent among U.S.-born individuals. Greater intake of sugar-sweetened beverage and fruit juice was positively associated with dental caries, whereas vegetables (excluding potatoes); whole grains; and omega-3 fats were inversely associated with dental caries, independent of covariates and the other dietary components (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An association between diet quality and dental caries was restricted to foreign-born Latinix and was not limited to the adverse impact of sugar-sweetened drinks.
OBJECTIVES: Fermentable carbohydrate is universally recognized as the major dietary risk factor for dental caries. We assessed the broader relationship between diet quality and dental caries in a diverse Latinx adult population. METHODS: In a cross-sectional probability sample, 14,517 dentate men and women in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) received a dental examination and completed two 24-hours dietary recalls and a food propensity questionnaire. The 2010 Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) assessed diet quality and the National Cancer Institute method predicted usual intake of the 11 dietary components that comprise the AHEI. Dental caries experience was quantified using the decayed, missing and filled surfaces (DMFS) index. Covariates included sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. Survey multivariable-adjusted linear regression models quantified the relationship of 2010 AHEI score, and its 11 components, with DMFS. RESULTS: In multivariable-adjusted models, each 10-unit increase in diet quality score was associated with 2.5 fewer (95% confidence interval: -3.4, -1.6) DMFS. The relationship was pronounced among foreign-born individuals, who comprised three-quarters of the sample, irrespective of their length of US residence, but was not apparent among U.S.-born individuals. Greater intake of sugar-sweetened beverage and fruit juice was positively associated with dental caries, whereas vegetables (excluding potatoes); whole grains; and omega-3 fats were inversely associated with dental caries, independent of covariates and the other dietary components (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An association between diet quality and dental caries was restricted to foreign-born Latinix and was not limited to the adverse impact of sugar-sweetened drinks.
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