Megan L Gow1,2, Melissa S Y Tee3, Sarah P Garnett1,2, Louise A Baur1,4, Katharine Aldwell2, Sarah Thomas2, Natalie B Lister1,2, Susan J Paxton5, Hiba Jebeile1,2. 1. The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney, Australia. 2. Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia. 3. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia. 4. Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia. 5. School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pediatric obesity impacts on multiple domains of psychological health, including self-esteem and body image. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of multicomponent pediatric obesity treatment interventions on self-esteem and body image. METHODS: A systematic search of published literature up to June 2019 was undertaken using electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO. Eligible studies implemented an obesity treatment intervention, including a dietary and physical activity component with/without a behavioral component, in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, and assessed self-esteem and/or body image. Data were extracted by one reviewer and cross-checked. Meta-analysis was used to combine outcome data and moderator analysis conducted to identify intervention characteristics influencing outcomes. RESULTS: 64 studies were identified. Meta-analysis of 49 studies (n = 10471) indicated that pediatric obesity treatment results in increased self-esteem postintervention (standardized mean difference, [SE] 0.34 [0.03], P < .001, I2 87%), maintained at follow-up (0.35 [0.05] P < .001, I2 79%, 17 studies). Similarly, meta-analysis of 40 studies (n = 2729) indicated improvements in body image postintervention (0.40 [0.03], P < .001, I2 73%), maintained at follow-up (0.41 [0.08], P < .001, I2 89%, 16 studies). CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric obesity treatment improves self-esteem and body image in the short and medium term. These findings may underpin improvements in other psychological outcomes.
BACKGROUND:Pediatric obesity impacts on multiple domains of psychological health, including self-esteem and body image. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of multicomponent pediatric obesity treatment interventions on self-esteem and body image. METHODS: A systematic search of published literature up to June 2019 was undertaken using electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO. Eligible studies implemented an obesity treatment intervention, including a dietary and physical activity component with/without a behavioral component, in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, and assessed self-esteem and/or body image. Data were extracted by one reviewer and cross-checked. Meta-analysis was used to combine outcome data and moderator analysis conducted to identify intervention characteristics influencing outcomes. RESULTS: 64 studies were identified. Meta-analysis of 49 studies (n = 10471) indicated that pediatric obesity treatment results in increased self-esteem postintervention (standardized mean difference, [SE] 0.34 [0.03], P < .001, I2 87%), maintained at follow-up (0.35 [0.05] P < .001, I2 79%, 17 studies). Similarly, meta-analysis of 40 studies (n = 2729) indicated improvements in body image postintervention (0.40 [0.03], P < .001, I2 73%), maintained at follow-up (0.41 [0.08], P < .001, I2 89%, 16 studies). CONCLUSIONS:Pediatric obesity treatment improves self-esteem and body image in the short and medium term. These findings may underpin improvements in other psychological outcomes.
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