Daniel Kotz1, Anil Batra, Sabrina Kastaun. 1. Institute of General Medicine, Addiction Research and Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Medical Faculty ofthe Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care,University College London, London, UK; Section for Addiction Medicine and Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Tübingen.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines on smoking cessation contain recommendations for various evidence-based methods. The goal of this study was to provide a represen- tative analysis for Germany of the percentage of smokers who try to quit smoking at least once per year, the use of evidence-based methods and other methods of smoking cessation, and potential associations of the use of such methods with the degree of tobacco dependence and with socioeconomic features. METHODS: Data from 19 waves of the German Smoking Behavior Questionnaire (Deutsche Befragung zum Rauchverhalten, DEBRA), from the time period June/July 2016 to June/July 2019, were analyzed. Current smokers and recent ex-smokers (<12 months without smoking) were asked about their smoking cessation attempts in the past year and the methods they used during the last attempt (naming more than one method was permitted). The degree of tobacco dependence in current smokers was assessed with the Heaviness of Smoking Index. RESULTS: Out of 11 109 current smokers and 407 recent ex-smokers, 19.9% (95% confidence interval: [19.1; 20.6]) had tried to quit smoking at least once in the preceding year. 13.0% of them [11.6; 14.5] had used at least one evidence-based method during their last attempt. The stronger the tobacco dependence, the more likely the use of an evidence-based method (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27 [1.16; 1.40]). Pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, medication) was used more com- monly by persons with higher incomes (OR = 1.44 per 1000 euro/month [1.28; 1.62]). Electronic cigarettes were the most commonly used single type of smoking cessation support (10.2 % [9.0; 11.6]). CONCLUSION: In Germany, only one in five smokers tries to quit smoking at least once per year. Such attempts are only rarely supported by evidence-based methods and are thus likely to fail. The high cost of treatment must be borne by the individual and thus fall disproportionately on poorer smokers. It follows that there is an urgent need for vered by health insurance pro- viders, in order to give all smokers fair and equal access to the medical care they need.
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines on smoking cessation contain recommendations for various evidence-based methods. The goal of this study was to provide a represen- tative analysis for Germany of the percentage of smokers who try to quit smoking at least once per year, the use of evidence-based methods and other methods of smoking cessation, and potential associations of the use of such methods with the degree of tobacco dependence and with socioeconomic features. METHODS: Data from 19 waves of the German Smoking Behavior Questionnaire (Deutsche Befragung zum Rauchverhalten, DEBRA), from the time period June/July 2016 to June/July 2019, were analyzed. Current smokers and recent ex-smokers (<12 months without smoking) were asked about their smoking cessation attempts in the past year and the methods they used during the last attempt (naming more than one method was permitted). The degree of tobacco dependence in current smokers was assessed with the Heaviness of Smoking Index. RESULTS: Out of 11 109 current smokers and 407 recent ex-smokers, 19.9% (95% confidence interval: [19.1; 20.6]) had tried to quit smoking at least once in the preceding year. 13.0% of them [11.6; 14.5] had used at least one evidence-based method during their last attempt. The stronger the tobacco dependence, the more likely the use of an evidence-based method (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27 [1.16; 1.40]). Pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, medication) was used more com- monly by persons with higher incomes (OR = 1.44 per 1000 euro/month [1.28; 1.62]). Electronic cigarettes were the most commonly used single type of smoking cessation support (10.2 % [9.0; 11.6]). CONCLUSION: In Germany, only one in five smokers tries to quit smoking at least once per year. Such attempts are only rarely supported by evidence-based methods and are thus likely to fail. The high cost of treatment must be borne by the individual and thus fall disproportionately on poorer smokers. It follows that there is an urgent need for vered by health insurance pro- viders, in order to give all smokers fair and equal access to the medical care they need.
Authors: Carla J Berg; Lawrence C An; Matthias Kirch; Hongfei Guo; Janet L Thomas; Christi A Patten; Jasjit S Ahluwalia; Robert West Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2010-06-10 Impact factor: 3.913
Authors: Benjamin Kuntz; Lars Eric Kroll; Jens Hoebel; Maria Schumann; Johannes Zeiher; Anne Starker; Thomas Lampert Journal: Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz Date: 2018-11 Impact factor: 1.513
Authors: Saul Shiffman; Christi Patten; Chad Gwaltney; Jean Paty; Maryann Gnys; Jon Kassel; Mary Hickcox; Andrew Waters; Mark Balabanis Journal: Addiction Date: 2006-12 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Jose de Leon; Francisco J Diaz; Elisardo Becoña; Manuel Gurpegui; Dolores Jurado; Ana Gonzalez-Pinto Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2003-10 Impact factor: 3.913
Authors: Sabrina Kastaun; Jamie Brown; Leonie S Brose; Elena Ratschen; Tobias Raupach; Dennis Nowak; Constanze Cholmakow-Bodechtel; Lion Shahab; Robert West; Daniel Kotz Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2017-05-02 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Christian Reinhardt; Markus Harden; Christoph Herrmann-Lingen; Achim Rittmeyer; Stefan Andreas Journal: BMC Pulm Med Date: 2022-06-27 Impact factor: 3.320
Authors: Simone Delle; Ludwig Kraus; Simona Maspero; Oliver Pogarell; Eva Hoch; Kirsten Lochbühler Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2022-07-19 Impact factor: 4.135
Authors: Bhushan D Kamble; Bhabani P Acharya; Sumit Jethani; Vinoth G Chellaiyan; Sunil K Singh; Satish Chaku Journal: J Family Med Prim Care Date: 2022-06-30
Authors: Sabrina Kastaun; Verena Leve; Jaqueline Hildebrandt; Christian Funke; Stephanie Klosterhalfen; Diana Lubisch; Olaf Reddemann; Hayden McRobbie; Tobias Raupach; Robert West; Stefan Wilm; Wolfgang Viechtbauer; Daniel Kotz Journal: ERJ Open Res Date: 2021-07-26
Authors: Gabriela R Oates; Elizabeth Baker; Joseph M Collaco; Steven M Rowe; Sarah B Rutland; Christopher M Fowler; William T Harris Journal: J Cyst Fibros Date: 2021-07-17 Impact factor: 5.527
Authors: Sabrina Kastaun; Wolfgang Viechtbauer; Verena Leve; Jaqueline Hildebrandt; Christian Funke; Stephanie Klosterhalfen; Diana Lubisch; Olaf Reddemann; Tobias Raupach; Stefan Wilm; Daniel Kotz Journal: ERJ Open Res Date: 2021-07-26