Tim Hollstein1, Alessio Basolo1, Takafumi Ando1, Susanne B Votruba1, Jonathan Krakoff1, Paolo Piaggi1,2. 1. Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona, US. 2. Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Interindividual variability in 24-hour energy expenditure (24EE) during energy-balance conditions is mainly determined by differences in body composition and demographic factors. Previous studies suggested that 24EE might also be influenced by sympathetic nervous system activity via catecholamine (norepinephrine, epinephrine) secretion. Therefore, we analyzed the association between catecholamines and energy expenditure in 202 individuals from a heterogeneous population of mixed ethnicities. METHODS: Participants (n = 202, 33% female, 14% black, 32% white, 41% Native American, 11% Hispanic, age: 36.9 ± 10.3 y [mean ± SD], percentage body fat: 30.3 ± 9.4) resided in a whole-room calorimeter over 24 hours during carefully controlled energy-balance conditions to measure 24EE and its components: sleeping metabolic rate (SMR), awake-fed thermogenesis (AFT), and spontaneous physical activity (SPA). Urine samples were collected, and 24-h urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine excretion rates were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Both catecholamines were associated with 24EE and SMR (norepinephrine: +27 and +19 kcal/d per 10 μg/24h; epinephrine: +18 and +10 kcal/d per 1 μg/24h) in separate analyses after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, fat mass, fat-free mass, calorimeter room, temperature, and physical activity. In a multivariate model including both norepinephrine and epinephrine, only norepinephrine was independently associated with both 24EE and SMR (both P < .008), whereas epinephrine became insignificant. Neither epinephrine nor norepinephrine were associated with adjusted AFT (both P = .37) but epinephrine was associated with adjusted SPA (+0.5% per 1 μg/24h). CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide compelling evidence that sympathetic nervous system activity, mediated via norepinephrine, is a determinant of human energy expenditure during nonstressed, eucaloric conditions. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society 2020.
BACKGROUND: Interindividual variability in 24-hour energy expenditure (24EE) during energy-balance conditions is mainly determined by differences in body composition and demographic factors. Previous studies suggested that 24EE might also be influenced by sympathetic nervous system activity via catecholamine (norepinephrine, epinephrine) secretion. Therefore, we analyzed the association between catecholamines and energy expenditure in 202 individuals from a heterogeneous population of mixed ethnicities. METHODS:Participants (n = 202, 33% female, 14% black, 32% white, 41% Native American, 11% Hispanic, age: 36.9 ± 10.3 y [mean ± SD], percentage body fat: 30.3 ± 9.4) resided in a whole-room calorimeter over 24 hours during carefully controlled energy-balance conditions to measure 24EE and its components: sleeping metabolic rate (SMR), awake-fed thermogenesis (AFT), and spontaneous physical activity (SPA). Urine samples were collected, and 24-h urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine excretion rates were assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Both catecholamines were associated with 24EE and SMR (norepinephrine: +27 and +19 kcal/d per 10 μg/24h; epinephrine: +18 and +10 kcal/d per 1 μg/24h) in separate analyses after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, fat mass, fat-free mass, calorimeter room, temperature, and physical activity. In a multivariate model including both norepinephrine and epinephrine, only norepinephrine was independently associated with both 24EE and SMR (both P < .008), whereas epinephrine became insignificant. Neither epinephrine nor norepinephrine were associated with adjusted AFT (both P = .37) but epinephrine was associated with adjusted SPA (+0.5% per 1 μg/24h). CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide compelling evidence that sympathetic nervous system activity, mediated via norepinephrine, is a determinant of human energy expenditure during nonstressed, eucaloric conditions. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society 2020.
Entities:
Keywords:
catecholamines; energy expenditure; epinephrine; norepinephrine; obesity; sympathetic nervous system
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