Walter Roberts1,2,3, Terril Verplaetse2, Mac Kenzie R Peltier1,2, Kelly E Moore4, Ralitza Gueorguieva2, Sherry A McKee2. 1. Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. 3. Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. 4. Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prior cross-sectional research finds that electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use clusters with higher rates of harmful alcohol consumption in the United States adult population. The current study examined prospectively the association between e-cigarette use, cigarette use and the combined use of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes and alcohol use outcomes. DESIGN: A nationally representative multi-wave cohort survey (wave 1: September 2013-December 2014, wave 2: October 2014-October 2015). SETTING: United States. PARTICIPANTS: A representative sample of civilian, non-institutionalized adults who completed waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health survey (n = 26 427). MEASUREMENTS: Participants were categorized into exposure groups according to their e-cigarette and cigarette use during wave 1. Past 30-day alcohol use outcomes were (1) National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)-defined hazardous alcohol use, (2) total alcohol drinks consumed and (3) alcohol-related consequences. FINDINGS: After controlling for socio-demographic risk factors and alcohol use at wave 1, all exposure groups showed higher odds of hazardous alcohol use [adjusted odds ratios (aORs) = 2.05-2.12, all P < 0.001] and reported higher past-month total drinks (B = 0.46-0.70, all P < 0.001) and more alcohol consequences (B = 0.63-0.89, all P ≤ 0.10) at wave 2 compared with non-users. Cigarette users (B = 0.24, P = 0.038) and dual e-cigarette/cigarette users (B = 0.32, P = 0.038) reported higher past-month total drinks compared with e-cigarette users. There was no conclusive evidence that non-daily use of e-cigarettes or cigarettes predicted poorer alcohol use outcomes compared with daily use. CONCLUSIONS: In the United States between 2013 and 2015, after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, cigarette and e-cigarette use were associated with alcohol use 1 year later.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prior cross-sectional research finds that electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use clusters with higher rates of harmful alcohol consumption in the United States adult population. The current study examined prospectively the association between e-cigarette use, cigarette use and the combined use of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes and alcohol use outcomes. DESIGN: A nationally representative multi-wave cohort survey (wave 1: September 2013-December 2014, wave 2: October 2014-October 2015). SETTING: United States. PARTICIPANTS: A representative sample of civilian, non-institutionalized adults who completed waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health survey (n = 26 427). MEASUREMENTS: Participants were categorized into exposure groups according to their e-cigarette and cigarette use during wave 1. Past 30-day alcohol use outcomes were (1) National Institute on AlcoholAbuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)-defined hazardous alcohol use, (2) total alcohol drinks consumed and (3) alcohol-related consequences. FINDINGS: After controlling for socio-demographic risk factors and alcohol use at wave 1, all exposure groups showed higher odds of hazardous alcohol use [adjusted odds ratios (aORs) = 2.05-2.12, all P < 0.001] and reported higher past-month total drinks (B = 0.46-0.70, all P < 0.001) and more alcohol consequences (B = 0.63-0.89, all P ≤ 0.10) at wave 2 compared with non-users. Cigarette users (B = 0.24, P = 0.038) and dual e-cigarette/cigarette users (B = 0.32, P = 0.038) reported higher past-month total drinks compared with e-cigarette users. There was no conclusive evidence that non-daily use of e-cigarettes or cigarettes predicted poorer alcohol use outcomes compared with daily use. CONCLUSIONS: In the United States between 2013 and 2015, after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, cigarette and e-cigarette use were associated with alcoholuse 1 year later.
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