Laura C Miyares1, Guido J Falcone1, Audrey Leasure1, Opeolu Adeoye1, Fu-Dong Shi1, Steven J Kittner1, Carl Langefeld1, Achala Vagal1, Kevin N Sheth1, Daniel Woo2. 1. From the Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology (L.C.M., G.J.F., A.L., K.N.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Emergency Medicine (O.A.), Department of Radiology (A.V.), Gardner Neuroscience Institute (O.A., A.V.), Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (D.W.), and Comprehensive Stroke Center (D.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Barrow Neurological Institute (F.-D.S.), Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of Maryland; Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences (C.L.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; and Center for Public Health Genomics (C.L.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville. 2. From the Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology (L.C.M., G.J.F., A.L., K.N.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Emergency Medicine (O.A.), Department of Radiology (A.V.), Gardner Neuroscience Institute (O.A., A.V.), Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (D.W.), and Comprehensive Stroke Center (D.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Barrow Neurological Institute (F.-D.S.), Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of Maryland; Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences (C.L.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; and Center for Public Health Genomics (C.L.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville. woodl@ucmail.uc.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the predictors of functional outcome in young patients enrolled in a multiethnic study of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS: The Ethnic/Racial Variations in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) study is a prospective multicenter study of ICH among adult (age ≥18 years) non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic participants. The study recruited 1,000 participants per racial/ethnic group. The present study utilized the subset of ERICH participants aged <50 years with supratentorial ICH. Functional outcome was ascertained using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with poor outcome (mRS 4-6), and analyses were compared by race/ethnicity to identify differences across these groups. RESULTS: Of the 3,000 patients with ICH enrolled in ERICH, 418 were studied (mean age 43 years, 69% male), of whom 48 (12%) were white, 173 (41%) were black, and 197 (47%) were Hispanic. For supratentorial ICH, black participants (odds ratio [OR], 0.42; p = 0.046) and Hispanic participants (OR, 0.34; p = 0.01) had better outcomes than white participants after adjustment for other factors associated with poor outcome: age, baseline disability, admission blood pressure, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, ICH volume, deep ICH location, and intraventricular extension. CONCLUSIONS: In young patients with supratentorial ICH, black and Hispanic race/ethnicity is associated with better functional outcomes, compared with white race. Additional studies are needed to identify the biological and social mediators of this association.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the predictors of functional outcome in young patients enrolled in a multiethnic study of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS: The Ethnic/Racial Variations in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) study is a prospective multicenter study of ICH among adult (age ≥18 years) non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic participants. The study recruited 1,000 participants per racial/ethnic group. The present study utilized the subset of ERICH participants aged <50 years with supratentorial ICH. Functional outcome was ascertained using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with poor outcome (mRS 4-6), and analyses were compared by race/ethnicity to identify differences across these groups. RESULTS: Of the 3,000 patients with ICH enrolled in ERICH, 418 were studied (mean age 43 years, 69% male), of whom 48 (12%) were white, 173 (41%) were black, and 197 (47%) were Hispanic. For supratentorial ICH, black participants (odds ratio [OR], 0.42; p = 0.046) and Hispanic participants (OR, 0.34; p = 0.01) had better outcomes than white participants after adjustment for other factors associated with poor outcome: age, baseline disability, admission blood pressure, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, ICH volume, deep ICH location, and intraventricular extension. CONCLUSIONS: In young patients with supratentorial ICH, black and Hispanic race/ethnicity is associated with better functional outcomes, compared with white race. Additional studies are needed to identify the biological and social mediators of this association.
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