Mustafa Sinan Bakir1,2, Jan Unterkofler3,4, Lyubomir Haralambiev5,3, Simon Kim5, Roman Carbon6, Axel Ekkernkamp5,3, Stefan Schulz-Drost3,7,8. 1. Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitative Medicine, Medical University Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17471, Greifswald, Germany. sinan.bakir@uni-greifswald.de. 2. Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, BG Hospital Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Warener Straße 7, 12683, Berlin, Germany. sinan.bakir@uni-greifswald.de. 3. Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, BG Hospital Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Warener Straße 7, 12683, Berlin, Germany. 4. Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. 5. Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitative Medicine, Medical University Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17471, Greifswald, Germany. 6. Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. 7. Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. 8. Department of Trauma, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Helios Hospital Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393-397, 19049, Schwerin, Germany.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Although shoulder-girdle injuries occur frequently, injuries of the medial part remain widely unexplored. This study overviews these rare injuries with a focus on incidence, age, and sex distribution in Germany. METHODS: The data are based on diagnoses according to ICD-10 in all German hospitals provided by the German Federal Statistical Office. ICD-10 codes S42.01 (medial clavicle fracture, MCF) and S43.2 (sternoclavicular joint dislocation, SCJD) were evaluated in detail between 2012 and 2014. RESULTS: We identified 14,264 cases with medial clavicle injuries (MCIs). MCFs occurred more often (11.6% of all clavicle-related shoulder-girdle injuries vs. 0.6% for SCJD). Mean ages of MCI were significantly different between males (43.7 years) and females (57.1 years) (p < 0.01). Age demonstrated a bimodal distribution with peaks at 20 and 50 years, which were predominantly associated with males. Females showed more injuries at age beyond 70 years. This applies to both SCJD and MCF. The incidence rate of these shoulder-girdle injuries was 47.0 per 100,000 person-years, for MCIs overall 5.9 (4.1 for men, 1.8 for women). This indicates disparity with a significant predominance of male patients over females as for all shoulder-girdle injuries (p < 0.01). Among children (< 16 years old), the incidence rate showed no significant difference in gender ratio. CONCLUSION: MCIs appear more frequently than estimated so far and are distinguished from other clavicle fractures in that they occur more at higher age and peaking around 50 years. Further work on possible prevention strategies should focus on the most frequently affected groups of men around 20 and 50 years old.
PURPOSE: Although shoulder-girdle injuries occur frequently, injuries of the medial part remain widely unexplored. This study overviews these rare injuries with a focus on incidence, age, and sex distribution in Germany. METHODS: The data are based on diagnoses according to ICD-10 in all German hospitals provided by the German Federal Statistical Office. ICD-10 codes S42.01 (medial clavicle fracture, MCF) and S43.2 (sternoclavicular joint dislocation, SCJD) were evaluated in detail between 2012 and 2014. RESULTS: We identified 14,264 cases with medial clavicle injuries (MCIs). MCFs occurred more often (11.6% of all clavicle-related shoulder-girdle injuries vs. 0.6% for SCJD). Mean ages of MCI were significantly different between males (43.7 years) and females (57.1 years) (p < 0.01). Age demonstrated a bimodal distribution with peaks at 20 and 50 years, which were predominantly associated with males. Females showed more injuries at age beyond 70 years. This applies to both SCJD and MCF. The incidence rate of these shoulder-girdle injuries was 47.0 per 100,000 person-years, for MCIs overall 5.9 (4.1 for men, 1.8 for women). This indicates disparity with a significant predominance of male patients over females as for all shoulder-girdle injuries (p < 0.01). Among children (< 16 years old), the incidence rate showed no significant difference in gender ratio. CONCLUSION: MCIs appear more frequently than estimated so far and are distinguished from other clavicle fractures in that they occur more at higher age and peaking around 50 years. Further work on possible prevention strategies should focus on the most frequently affected groups of men around 20 and 50 years old.
Authors: John Morellato; Mitchell Baker; Marckenley Isaac; Patrick Mixa; Nathan N OʼHara; Kanu Okike; Theodore T Manson; Christopher T LeBrun; Gerard P Slobogean; Jason W Nascone; Robert V OʼToole; Marcus F Sciadini; Andrew N Pollak Journal: J Orthop Trauma Date: 2019-11 Impact factor: 2.512
Authors: Diederik P J Smeeing; Denise J C van der Ven; Falco Hietbrink; Tim K Timmers; Mark van Heijl; Moyo C Kruyt; Rolf H H Groenwold; Olivier A J van der Meijden; Roderick M Houwert Journal: Am J Sports Med Date: 2016-11-18 Impact factor: 6.202
Authors: M Sinan Bakir; Rolf Lefering; Lyubomir Haralambiev; Simon Kim; Axel Ekkernkamp; Denis Gümbel; Stefan Schulz-Drost Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2020-12-10 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Mustafa Sinan Bakir; Andreas Langenbach; Melina Pinther; Rolf Lefering; Sebastian Krinner; Marco Grosso; Axel Ekkernkamp; Stefan Schulz-Drost Journal: Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg Date: 2021-11-05 Impact factor: 2.374