The emerging applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in selected patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) and high surgical risk. The planning and follow-up of TAVI requires an array of imaging techniques, each has advantages and limitations. Echocardiography and multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) have established applications in patient selection and procedure guidance, but are limited in some patients. TAVI applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) are emerging. CMRI can provide the structural and functional imaging details required for TAVI procedure in away comparable or superior to that obtained by echocardiography and MDCT combined. In this review, we look at the continuously evolving role of CMRI as a complimentary or an alternative to more established imaging techniques and address the advantages and disadvantages of CMRI in this setting. We discuss the role of CMRI in selecting anatomically suitable patients for the TAVI procedure and in the post-TAVI follow-up with particular emphasis on its applications for assessing AS severity and haemodynamic impact, vascular imaging for TAVI access route, quantification of paravalvular leaks and LV remodelling in the post TAVI setting as well as providing imaging biomarkers tool for AS risk-stratification.