Rena R Wing1, Mark A Espeland2, Deborah F Tate3, Letitia H Perdue2, Judy Bahnson2, Kristen Polzien3, Erica F Robichaud1, Jessica G LaRose4, Amy A Gorin5, Cora E Lewis6, Elissa Jelalian1. 1. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. 2. Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA. 3. Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. 4. Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA. 5. Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA. 6. Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to determine whether two self-regulation interventions that reduced 3-year weight gain in young adults remain effective at 6 years. METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted in two academic settings in 599 young adults, aged 18 to 35 years, with normal weight or overweight; 504 (84%) reconsented for a 6-year extension (Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention-Extended [SNAP-E]) with ongoing intervention and assessments. Weight gain over 6 years was compared for all assigned to Control, Large Changes (LC; lose 5-10 pounds initially), and Small Changes (SC; make small daily changes in intake and activity). RESULTS: Weight change from baseline to 6 years did not differ significantly among the three groups (Control = 3.9 kg, SC = 4.1 kg, and LC = 2.8 kg). However, there was a significant age-by-treatment interaction (P = 0.002). Among those < 25 years old, weight gain from baseline to 6 years averaged 7.3 kg in the Control group and was reduced by almost 50% in LC and SC. LC also significantly reduced mean weight gain (area under the curve) over 6 years compared with Control or SC. CONCLUSIONS: Although the interventions did not reduce weight gain at 6 years for the full cohort, they were effective in those < 25 years old. Future efforts should focus on young adults aged 18 to 24.9 and test more intensive interventions with more diverse participants.
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to determine whether two self-regulation interventions that reduced 3-year weight gain in young adults remain effective at 6 years. METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted in two academic settings in 599 young adults, aged 18 to 35 years, with normal weight or overweight; 504 (84%) reconsented for a 6-year extension (Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention-Extended [SNAP-E]) with ongoing intervention and assessments. Weight gain over 6 years was compared for all assigned to Control, Large Changes (LC; lose 5-10 pounds initially), and Small Changes (SC; make small daily changes in intake and activity). RESULTS: Weight change from baseline to 6 years did not differ significantly among the three groups (Control = 3.9 kg, SC = 4.1 kg, and LC = 2.8 kg). However, there was a significant age-by-treatment interaction (P = 0.002). Among those < 25 years old, weight gain from baseline to 6 years averaged 7.3 kg in the Control group and was reduced by almost 50% in LC and SC. LC also significantly reduced mean weight gain (area under the curve) over 6 years compared with Control or SC. CONCLUSIONS: Although the interventions did not reduce weight gain at 6 years for the full cohort, they were effective in those < 25 years old. Future efforts should focus on young adults aged 18 to 24.9 and test more intensive interventions with more diverse participants.
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