Enhanced interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in annealed Pt/Co/MgO structures.

The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) is attracting great interest for spintronics. An iDMI constant larger than 3 mJ m-2 is expected to minimize the size of skyrmions and to optimize the domain-wall dynamics. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate a giant iDMI in Pt/Co/X/MgO ultra-thin film structures with perpendicular magnetization. The iDMI constants were measured using a field-driven creep regime domain expansion method. The enhancement of iDMI with an atomically thin insertion of Ta and Mg is comprehensively understood with the help of ab-initio calculations. Thermal annealing has been used to crystallize the MgO thin layer to improve the tunneling magneto-resistance (TMR), but interestingly it also provides a further increase of the iDMI constant. An increase of the iDMI constant of up to 3.3 mJ m-2 is shown, which is promising for the scaling down of skyrmion electronics.