Jun Liu1,2,3, Jingpei Li1,2,3, Wei Wei4, Zhexue Hao1,2,3, Hengrui Liang1,2,3, Fei Cui1,2,3, Wei Wang1,2,3, Jun Huang1,2,3, Guilin Peng1,2,3, Weizhe Huang1,2,3, Yidong Wang5, Fengling Lai5, Kaiming He6, Qi Pan7, Ke Xu1,2,3, Weipeng Cai1,2,3, Lindsey Hamblin1,2,3, Wenhua Liang1,2,3, Jianxing He1,2,3. 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China. 2. Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health (GIRH), Guangzhou 510120, China. 3. State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China. 4. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou 516001, China. 5. Operation Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China. 6. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China. 7. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: One of the largest challenges in endoscopic surgical training is adapting to a two-dimensional (2D) view. The glasses-free three-dimensional (GF-3D) display system was designed to integrate the merits of both 2D and conventional 3D (C-3D) displays, allowing surgeons to perform video-assisted endoscopic surgery under a stereoscopic view without heavy and cumbersome 3D glasses. METHODS: In this study, 15 junior thoracic surgeons were divided to test one routine and one complex task three times each via traditional high-definition 2D (HD-2D) and GF-3D to determine whether there was any advantage when using the GF-3D system to acquire endoscopic skills. The duration, numbers of stitches, and distance between every two stitches were recorded for every procedure. RESULTS: Seven participants were enrolled in the HD-2D group and eight participants were enrolled in the GF-3D group. All 15 participants successfully completed porcine skin continuous suture and tracheal continuous anastomosis procedures three times each. For skin continuous suture, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the learning curve for speed (P=0.683) and accuracy (P=0.556). For tracheal continuous anastomosis, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the learning curve for speed (P=0.001), but no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the learning curve for accuracy (P=0.211). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, both HD-2D and GF-3D display systems are efficient for routine and complex endoscopic surgery. With the help of GF-3D, surgeons can acquire new complex endoscopic skills faster than HD-2D and be free from burdensome polarized glasses. More comparative studies in a clinical setting are needed to further explore the feasibility, necessity, and economic aspects of the GF-3D display system. 2019 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: One of the largest challenges in endoscopic surgical training is adapting to a two-dimensional (2D) view. The glasses-free three-dimensional (GF-3D) display system was designed to integrate the merits of both 2D and conventional 3D (C-3D) displays, allowing surgeons to perform video-assisted endoscopic surgery under a stereoscopic view without heavy and cumbersome 3D glasses. METHODS: In this study, 15 junior thoracic surgeons were divided to test one routine and one complex task three times each via traditional high-definition 2D (HD-2D) and GF-3D to determine whether there was any advantage when using the GF-3D system to acquire endoscopic skills. The duration, numbers of stitches, and distance between every two stitches were recorded for every procedure. RESULTS: Seven participants were enrolled in the HD-2D group and eight participants were enrolled in the GF-3D group. All 15 participants successfully completed porcine skin continuous suture and tracheal continuous anastomosis procedures three times each. For skin continuous suture, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the learning curve for speed (P=0.683) and accuracy (P=0.556). For tracheal continuous anastomosis, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the learning curve for speed (P=0.001), but no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the learning curve for accuracy (P=0.211). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, both HD-2D and GF-3D display systems are efficient for routine and complex endoscopic surgery. With the help of GF-3D, surgeons can acquire new complex endoscopic skills faster than HD-2D and be free from burdensome polarized glasses. More comparative studies in a clinical setting are needed to further explore the feasibility, necessity, and economic aspects of the GF-3D display system. 2019 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.
Authors: Charlotte Fergo; Jakob Burcharth; Hans-Christian Pommergaard; Niels Kildebro; Jacob Rosenberg Journal: Am J Surg Date: 2016-08-31 Impact factor: 2.565