Tawanda Maurice Nyambuya1, Phiwayinkosi Vusi Dludla2, Vuyolwethu Mxinwa3, Bongani Brian Nkambule4. 1. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia. Electronic address: mnyambuya@nust.na. 2. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa. Electronic address: pdludla@mrc.ac.za. 3. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Electronic address: 218081787@stu.ukzn.ac.za. 4. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Electronic address: nkambuleb@ukzn.ac.za.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic immune activation has been described in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, the precise functional role of T-cells remains controversial. We therefore, assessed T-cell activation and cardiovascular risk in T2D. METHODS: The protocol was registered with PROSPERO [CRD42018099745]. We searched electronic databases and grey literature for eligible studies. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed and the random-effects model was used in the meta-analysis. FINDINGS: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. We report on increased T-cell activation in T2D and nondiabetics with CVD. Comorbidity of T2D and CVD (T2D + CVD) exacerbated T-cell activation. In addition, T2D + CVD comorbidity was associated with an increased CVD risk profile. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests increased T-cell activation in T2D and nondiabetics with CVD. Moreover, an increased cardiovascular risk in patients with T2D which is exacerbated in T2D and CVD comorbidity.
BACKGROUND: Chronic immune activation has been described in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, the precise functional role of T-cells remains controversial. We therefore, assessed T-cell activation and cardiovascular risk in T2D. METHODS: The protocol was registered with PROSPERO [CRD42018099745]. We searched electronic databases and grey literature for eligible studies. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed and the random-effects model was used in the meta-analysis. FINDINGS: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. We report on increased T-cell activation in T2D and nondiabetics with CVD. Comorbidity of T2D and CVD (T2D + CVD) exacerbated T-cell activation. In addition, T2D + CVD comorbidity was associated with an increased CVD risk profile. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests increased T-cell activation in T2D and nondiabetics with CVD. Moreover, an increased cardiovascular risk in patients with T2D which is exacerbated in T2D and CVD comorbidity.
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