Lisa K Midtbø1, Lena B Nygaard1, Maria Wik Markhus1, Marian Kjellevold1, Øyvind Lie2, Lisbeth Dahl1, Ingrid Kvestad3, Livar Frøyland1, Ingvild Eide Graff4, Jannike Øyen5. 1. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway. 2. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway; Directorate of Fisheries, Bergen, Norway. 3. Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway. 4. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway; NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway. 5. Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: Jannike.Oyen@hi.no.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to determine vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [s-25(OH)D3]) and examine possible associations between vitamin D status and vitamin D-rich dietary sources, sun exposure, and body mass index in preschool children ages 4 to 6 y. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study based on baseline data (collected in January-February 2015) from the two-armed randomized controlled trial Fish Intervention Studies-KIDS (FINS-KIDS) conducted in Bergen, Norway. S-25(OH)D3 concentration was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Information regarding habitual dietary intake, recent sun vacations, and body mass index were assessed with questionnaires answered by the children's caregivers. RESULTS: The children (n = 212) had a mean (standard deviation) s-25(OH)D3 of 60.7 (13.8) nmol/L; 18.9% had s-25(OH)D3 ≤50 nmol/L. In logistic regression models, non-overweight versus overweight status was inversely associated with s-25(OH)D3 ≤50 nmol/L (odds ratio: 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.95; P = 0.037). Non-sun versus sun vacations were associated with s-25(OH)D3 ≤75 nmol/L (odds ratio: 5.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.93-14.77; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the preschool children (81%) had s-25(OH)D3 >50 nmol/L. Children with overweight status had an increased risk of s-25(OH)D3 ≤50 nmol/L, and children who had not been on sun vacations were at a greater risk of s-25(OH)D3 ≤75 nmol/L.
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to determine vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [s-25(OH)D3]) and examine possible associations between vitamin D status and vitamin D-rich dietary sources, sun exposure, and body mass index in preschool children ages 4 to 6 y. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study based on baseline data (collected in January-February 2015) from the two-armed randomized controlled trial Fish Intervention Studies-KIDS (FINS-KIDS) conducted in Bergen, Norway. S-25(OH)D3 concentration was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Information regarding habitual dietary intake, recent sun vacations, and body mass index were assessed with questionnaires answered by the children's caregivers. RESULTS: The children (n = 212) had a mean (standard deviation) s-25(OH)D3 of 60.7 (13.8) nmol/L; 18.9% had s-25(OH)D3 ≤50 nmol/L. In logistic regression models, non-overweight versus overweight status was inversely associated with s-25(OH)D3 ≤50 nmol/L (odds ratio: 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.95; P = 0.037). Non-sun versus sun vacations were associated with s-25(OH)D3 ≤75 nmol/L (odds ratio: 5.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.93-14.77; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the preschool children (81%) had s-25(OH)D3 >50 nmol/L. Children with overweight status had an increased risk of s-25(OH)D3 ≤50 nmol/L, and children who had not been on sun vacations were at a greater risk of s-25(OH)D3 ≤75 nmol/L.
Authors: Beate S Solvik; Tor A Strand; Ingrid Kvestad; Maria W Markhus; Per M Ueland; Adrian McCann; Jannike Øyen Journal: J Nutr Date: 2020-07-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Vida Šimat; Nariman Elabed; Piotr Kulawik; Zafer Ceylan; Ewelina Jamroz; Hatice Yazgan; Martina Čagalj; Joe M Regenstein; Fatih Özogul Journal: Mar Drugs Date: 2020-12-09 Impact factor: 5.118
Authors: Beate S Solvik; Jannike Øyen; Ingrid Kvestad; Maria W Markhus; Per M Ueland; Adrian McCann; Tor A Strand Journal: J Nutr Date: 2021-08-07 Impact factor: 4.798