A J Yeates1, E M McSorley2, M S Mulhern2, T Spence2, W Crowe2, K Grzesik3, S W Thurston3, G E Watson3, G J Myers3, P W Davidson3, C F Shamlaye4, E van Wijngaarden3, J J Strain2. 1. Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK. Electronic address: a.yeates@ulster.ac.uk. 2. Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK. 3. School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States. 4. Child Development Centre, Ministry of Health, Box 52, Victoria, MahÉ, Republic of Seychelles.
Abstract
PROBLEM: Markers of maternal inflammation may determine infant birth outcomes. METHOD OF STUDY: Maternal serum samples were collected at 28 weeks gestation (n = 1418) in the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2 and analyzed for immune markers by MSD multiplex assay, including cytokines from the Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2 and TNF-α) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) subsets, with IL-6, MCP-1, TARC, sFlt-1 and VEGF-D. Associations of log-transformed immune markers with birthweight, length, head circumference and gestational age were assessed by multiple linear regression models, which were adjusted for maternal age, BMI, parity, child sex, gestational age and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: Neither total Th1, Th2 nor Th1:Th2 were significantly associated with any birth outcome. However, the angiogenesis marker VEGF-D was predictive of a lower birthweight, (β = -0.058, P = 0.017) and birth length (β = -0.088, P = 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. Higher concentrations of CRP were predictive of a lower birthweight (β = -0.057, P = 0.023) and IL-2 (β = 0.073, P = 0.009) and the chemokine MCP-1 (β = 0.067, P = 0.016) were predictive of a longer gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of healthy pregnant women, we found no evidence for associations between the Th1 or Th2 inflammatory markers with birth outcomes. However, VEGF-D and CRP appear to predict lower birthweight and IL-2 and MCP-1 a longer gestation. Greater understanding is required of the variation in these immune markers at different gestational stages, as well as the factors which may regulate their balance in healthy pregnancy. n = 233.
PROBLEM: Markers of maternal inflammation may determine infant birth outcomes. METHOD OF STUDY: Maternal serum samples were collected at 28 weeks gestation (n = 1418) in the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2 and analyzed for immune markers by MSD multiplex assay, including cytokines from the Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2 and TNF-α) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) subsets, with IL-6, MCP-1, TARC, sFlt-1 and VEGF-D. Associations of log-transformed immune markers with birthweight, length, head circumference and gestational age were assessed by multiple linear regression models, which were adjusted for maternal age, BMI, parity, child sex, gestational age and socioeconomic status. RESULTS: Neither total Th1, Th2 nor Th1:Th2 were significantly associated with any birth outcome. However, the angiogenesis marker VEGF-D was predictive of a lower birthweight, (β = -0.058, P = 0.017) and birth length (β = -0.088, P = 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. Higher concentrations of CRP were predictive of a lower birthweight (β = -0.057, P = 0.023) and IL-2 (β = 0.073, P = 0.009) and the chemokine MCP-1 (β = 0.067, P = 0.016) were predictive of a longer gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of healthy pregnant women, we found no evidence for associations between the Th1 or Th2 inflammatory markers with birth outcomes. However, VEGF-D and CRP appear to predict lower birthweight and IL-2 and MCP-1 a longer gestation. Greater understanding is required of the variation in these immune markers at different gestational stages, as well as the factors which may regulate their balance in healthy pregnancy. n = 233.
Authors: Jessica L Irwin; Emeir M McSorley; Alison J Yeates; Maria S Mulhern; J J Strain; Gene E Watson; Katherine Grzesik; Sally W Thurston; Tanzy M Love; Tristram H Smith; Karin Broberg; Conrad F Shamlaye; Gary J Myers; Philip W Davidson; Edwin van Wijngaarden Journal: J Neuroimmunol Date: 2019-08-14 Impact factor: 3.478
Authors: Stephannie Baehl Voller; Susanne Chock; Linda M Ernst; Emily Su; Xin Liu; Kathryn N Farrow; Karen K Mestan Journal: Early Hum Dev Date: 2014-01-27 Impact factor: 2.079
Authors: Bingqian Zhu; Ulf G Bronas; David W Carley; Kathryn Lee; Alana Steffen; Mary C Kapella; Bilgay Izci-Balserak Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci Date: 2020-05-28 Impact factor: 5.691