| Literature DB >> 31686712 |
Diego Costa Astur1, Felipe Berteli Angelini1, Marcelo Abdulchlek Santos1, Gustavo Gonçalves Arliani1, Paulo Santoro Belangero1, Moisés Cohen1.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical and radiological benefits of intra-articular exogenous hyaluronic acid for the treatment of chondral patellar injury. Method Randomized clinical trial with 70 patients divided into 2 groups: those submitted to physical therapy for 3 months, and those submitted to physical therapy associated with the intra-articular administration of 2 mL of hyaluronic acid for the same period, who had anterior knee pain and patellar cartilage injury of grades II or III with no significant bone abnormalities. The functional scores and the characteristics of the physical and imaging exams were evaluated before and 3 and 6 months after the treatment. Result The average age of the patients was 32 ± 7.6 years. Patients from the hyaluronic acid group had better Kujala et al and Lysholm scores, and lower pain scores after 3 and 6 months of treatment when compared to the control group. The incidence of positive Clarke maneuver was lower in the treated group, but there was no difference in the magnetic resonance imaging classification. Conclusion Patients with patellar chondropathy of grades II or III treated with hyaluronic acid and physical therapy had less pain (visual analogue scale, VAS), and better functional results in the Lysholm and Kujala et al questionnaires after 3 and 6 months of treatment compared to patients undergoing physical therapy alone. In addition, the number of cases with a negative Clarke maneuver was larger in the treated group after 6 months of treatment.Entities:
Keywords: cartilage diseases; chondrocytes; hyaluronic acid; patella
Year: 2019 PMID: 31686712 PMCID: PMC6819163 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697974
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Fig. 1Flowchart of patient inclusion. Characteristics of the evaluated patients and comparison according to the therapeutic outcomes. Abbreviaitons: ICRS, International Cartilage Repair Society; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.
Patient data a
| Group 1 | Group 2 |
| |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± standard deviation | 30.8 ± 5.9 (18-45) | 33.2 ± 7.15 (18-45) | 0.22 |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 15 (48.4) | 17 (53.1) | 0.72 |
| Male | 16 (51.6) | 15 (46.9) | |
| Side, n (%) | |||
| Right | 16 (51.6) | 16 (50) | 0.89 |
| Left | 15 (48.4) | 16 (50) | |
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Trochlear groove angle (
o
), mean ± standard deviation
| 132.1 ± 7.5 (119-147) | 131 ± 9.5 (110-147) | 0.77 |
| Patellar height (Caton-Deschamps), mean ± standard deviation | 1.09 ± 0.12 (0.9-1.2) | 1.08 ± 0.12 (0.9-1.2) | 0.72 |
| Patellar type (Wiberg), n (%) | |||
| I | 4 (12.9) | 8 (25) | 0.18 |
| II | 27 (87.1) | 24 (75) | |
| Alignment, mean ± standard deviation | 0.34 ± 0.12 | 1.2 ± 0.08 | 0.22 |
| TT-TG, mean ± standard deviation | 15.8 ± 2.2 (12-19) | 15.4 ± 2.3 (12-19) | 0.5 |
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Abbreviation: TT-TG, distance between the tibial tuberosity and the trochlear groove sulcus.
Notes: a Values presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation; * Mann-Whitney test; Chi-squared test.
Kujala et al, Lysholm and VAS scores a
| Group 1 | Group 2 |
| |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kujala et al | |||
| Baseline | 66.5 ± 19 (23-94) | 64.3 ± 15.3 (25-90) | 0.43 |
| 3 months | 79.3 ± 13 (42-100) | 69.2 ± 11.5 (40-90) |
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| 6 months | 79.7 ± 15 (43-100) | 71.3 ± 10.8 (50-91) |
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| Lysholm | |||
| Baseline | 72.6 ± 18.1 (25-90) | 70.8 ± 17.9 (30-92) | 0.75 |
| 3 months | 82.6 ± 14.7 (36-100) | 74.3 ± 15.3 (43-93) |
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| 6 months | 81.5 ± 16.7 (41-100) | 75.9 ± 12.7 (47-95) |
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| VAS | |||
| Baseline | 5.3 ± 2.1 (2-9) | 5.9 ± 1.8 (2-8) | 0.31 |
| 3 months | 2.8 ± 2.3 (0-7) | 3.8 ± 1.3 (2-6) |
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| 6 months | 2.7 ± 2.1 (0-8) | 3.5 ± 0.9 (2-6) |
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Abbreviation: VAS, visual analogue scale.
Notes: a Values presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation; Mann-Whitney test; Chi-squared test.
Clarke test, Rabot sign, patellar tilt and ICRS classification of chondral lesions
| Before the treatment | 6 months of treatment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Group 2 |
| Group 1 | Group 2 |
| |
| Clarke test, n (%) | ||||||
| Negative | 2 (6.5) | 3 (9.3) | 0.66 | 19 (61.3) | 10 (31.3) |
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| Positive | 29 (93.5) | 29 (90.7) | 12 (38.7) | 22 (68.7) | ||
| Rabot sign, n (%) | ||||||
| Negative | 7 (22.6) | 12 (37.5) | 0.16 | 22 (71) | 17 (53.1) | 0.14 |
| Positive | 24 (77.4) | 19 (62.5) | 9 (29) | 15 (46.9) | ||
| Tilt (axial patella), n (%) | ||||||
| Negative | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 18 (58.1) | 20 (62.5) | 0.7 | |
| Positive | 31 (100) | 32 (100) | 13 (41.9) | 12 (31.5) | ||
| ICRS classification (MRI) | ||||||
| I | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.68 | 2 (6.5) | 2 (6.2) | 0.53 |
| II | 12 (38.7) | 14 (43.8) | 10 (32.3) | 14 (43.8) | ||
| III | 19 (61.3) | 18 (56.2) | 17 (54.7) | 12 (37.5) | ||
| IV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.5) | 4 (12.5) | ||
Abbreviations: ICRS, International Cartilage Repair Society; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.
Notes: a Values presented as n (%); * Chi-squared test.
Fig. 1Fluxofgrama da inclusão dos pacientes no estudo. Características dos pacientes avaliados e comparação de acordo com os desfechos do tratamento realizado.
Dados dos pacientes a
| Grupo 1 | Grupo 2 |
Valor de
| |
|---|---|---|---|
| Idade, média ± desvio padrão (mínimo-máximo) | 30,8 ± 5,9 (18-45) | 33,2 ± 7,15 (18-45) | 0,22 |
| Sexo, n (%) | |||
| Feminino | 15 (48,4) | 17 (53,1) | 0,72 |
| Masculino | 16 (51,6) | 15 (46,9) | |
| Lado, n (%) | |||
| Direito | 16 (51,6) | 16 (50) | 0,89 |
| Esquerdo | 15 (48,4) | 16 (50) | |
| Ângulo do sulco troclear ( o ), média ± desvio padrão (mínimo-máximo) | 132,1 +/− 7,5 (119-147) | 131 +/− 9,5 (110-147) | 0,77 |
| Altura patelar (Caton-Deschamps), média ± desvio padrão (mínimo-máximo) | 1,09 +/− 0,12 (0,9-1,2) | 1,08 +/− 0,12 (0,9-1,2) | 0,72 |
| Tipo de patela (Wiberg), n (%) | |||
| I | 4 (12,9) | 8 (25) | 0,18 |
| II | 27 (87,1) | 24 (75) | |
| Alinhamento, média ± desvio padrão | 0,34 +/− 0,12 | 1,2 +/−0,08 | 0,22 |
| TA-GT média ± desvio padrão (mínimo-máximo) | 15,8 +/− 2,2 (12-19) | 15,4 +/− 2,3 (12-19) | 0,5 |
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Abreviatura: TAGT, distância da tuberosidade anterior da tíbia à garganta troclear.
Notas: a Valores apresentados como n (%) ou média ± desvio padrão; * teste de Mann-Whitney; ** teste do qui-quadrado.
Questionários de Kujala et al, de Lysholm, e EVA a
| Grupo 1 | Grupo 2 |
Valor de
| |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kujala et al | |||
| Antes | 66,5 ± 19 (23-94) | 64,3 ± 15,3 (25-90) | 0,43 |
| 3 meses | 79,3 ± 13 (42-100) | 69,2 ± 11,5 (40-90) |
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| 6 meses | 79,7 ± 15 (43-100) | 71,3 ± 10,8 (50-91) |
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| Lysholm | |||
| Antes | 72,6 ± 18,1 (25-90) | 70,8 ± 17,9 (30-92) | 0,75 |
| 3 meses | 82,6 ± 14,7 (36-100) | 74,3 ± 15,3 (43-93) |
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| 6 meses | 81,5 ± 16,7 (41-100) | 75,9 ± 12,7 (47-95) |
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| EVA | |||
| Antes | 5,3 ± 2,1 (2-9) | 5,9 ± 1,8 (2-8) | 0,31 |
| 3 meses | 2,8 ± 2,3 (0-7) | 3,8 ± 1,3 (2-6) |
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| 6 meses | 2,7 ± 2,1 (0-8) | 3,5 ± 0,9 (2-6) |
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Abreviatura: Eva, escala visual analógica.
Notas: a Valores apresentados como n (%) ou média ± desvio padrão; teste de Mann-Whitney; teste do Qui-quadrado.
Teste de Clarke, sinal de Rabot, tilt patelar, e classificação da ICRS para lesões condrais
| Antes do tratamento | 6 meses de tratamento | |||||
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| Grupo 1 | Grupo 2 |
Valor de
| Grupo 1 | Grupo 2 |
Valor de
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| Teste de Clarke, n (%) | ||||||
| Negativo | 2 (6,5) | 3 (9,3) | 0,66 | 19 (61,3) | 10 (31,3) |
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| Positivo | 29 (93,5) | 29 (90,7) | 12 (38,7) | 22 (68,7) | ||
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Sinal de
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| Negativo | 7 (22,6) | 12 (37,5) | 0,16 | 22 (71) | 17 (53,1) | 0,14 |
| Positivo | 24 (77,4) | 19 (62,5) | 9 (29) | 15 (46,9) | ||
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| Negativo | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 18 (58,1) | 20 (62,5) | 0,7 | |
| Positivo | 31 (100) | 32 (100) | 13 (41,9) | 12 (31,5) | ||
| Classificação ICRS (RM) | ||||||
| I | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0,68 | 2 (6,5) | 2 (6,2) | 0,53 |
| II | 12 (38,7) | 14 (43,8) | 10 (32,3) | 14 (43,8) | ||
| III | 19 (61,3) | 18 (56,2) | 17 (54,7) | 12 (37,5) | ||
| IV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6,5) | 4 (12,5) | ||
Abreviaturas: ICRS, International Cartilage Repair Society; RM, ressonância magnética.
Notas: a Valores apresentados como n (%); teste do qui-quadrado.