Correlation of DNA ploidy and proliferative activity in human gastric cancer.

Analysis of DNA ploidy patterns was performed on 129 cases of primary gastric cancer and the results were correlated with histologic findings and in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. Forty-nine cases were diploid (38%) and 80 cases were aneuploid (62%). There was no correlation between DNA ploidy and histologic type. In aneuploid tumors, incidence of lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and rate of advanced cases were significantly higher than those in diploid tumors. During the follow-up period of 5 to 10 years, 23 of 40 patients (55%) with aneuploid tumors died of disease within 3 to 120 months. Only 13 of 36 patients (36%) with diploid tumors died of disease. The BrdU labeling indices (BrdU LI) ranged from 2.8% to 26.7%, with a mean of 10.4%. There was no correlation between BrdU LI and histologic type or stage. The mean BrdU LI of early cancers was 8.1%. The mean BrdU LI of advanced cancers was 11.9%. The BrdU LI of cancers with lymphatic invasion or lymph node metastasis was higher than those without them. The mean BrdU LI of diploid cancers was 6.0%. The mean BrdU LI of aneuploid cancers was 11.9%. There was a good correlation between BrdU LI and DNA ploidy patterns. These results indicate that DNA ploidy patterns and BrdU LI may possibly be useful prognostic markers for gastric cancers.