M Juhani Junttila1, Ari Pelli2, Tuomas V Kenttä2, Tim Friede3,4, Rik Willems5, Leonard Bergau6, Marek Malik7, Bert Vandenberk5, Marc A Vos8, Georg Schmidt9, Bela Merkely10, Andrzej Lubinski11, Martin Svetlosak12, Frieder Braunschweig13, Markus Harden3, Markus Zabel4,6, Heikki V Huikuri2, Christian Sticherling. 1. Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland juhani.junttila@oulu.fi. 2. Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 3. Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. 4. German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. 5. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 6. Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. 7. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, U.K. 8. Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 9. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. 10. Semmelweis University Heart Center, Budapest, Hungary. 11. Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland. 12. Slovak Medical University and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia. 13. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Diabetes increases the risk of all-cause mortality and sudden cardiac death (SCD). The exact mechanisms leading to sudden death in diabetes are not well known. We compared the incidence of appropriate shocks and mortality in patients with versus without diabetes with a prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) included in the retrospective EU-CERT-ICD registry. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 3,535 patients from 12 European EU-CERT-ICD centers with a mean age of 63.7 ± 11.2 years (82% males) at the time of ICD implantation were included in the analysis. A total of 995 patients (28%) had a history of diabetes. All patients had an ICD implanted for primary SCD prevention. End points were appropriate shock and all-cause mortality. Mean follow-up time was 3.2 ± 2.3 years. Diabetes was associated with a lower risk of appropriate shocks (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.77 [95% CI 0.62-0.96], P = 0.02). However, patients with diabetes had significantly higher mortality (adjusted HR 1.30 [95% CI 1.11-1.53], P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: All-cause mortality is higher in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes with primary prophylactic ICDs. Subsequently, patients with diabetes have a lower incidence of appropriate ICD shocks, indicating that the excess mortality might not be caused primarily by ventricular tachyarrhythmias. These findings suggest a limitation of the potential of prophylactic ICD therapy to improve survival in patients with diabetes with impaired left ventricular function.
OBJECTIVE:Diabetes increases the risk of all-cause mortality and sudden cardiac death (SCD). The exact mechanisms leading to sudden death in diabetes are not well known. We compared the incidence of appropriate shocks and mortality in patients with versus without diabetes with a prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) included in the retrospective EU-CERT-ICD registry. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 3,535 patients from 12 European EU-CERT-ICD centers with a mean age of 63.7 ± 11.2 years (82% males) at the time of ICD implantation were included in the analysis. A total of 995 patients (28%) had a history of diabetes. All patients had an ICD implanted for primary SCD prevention. End points were appropriate shock and all-cause mortality. Mean follow-up time was 3.2 ± 2.3 years. Diabetes was associated with a lower risk of appropriate shocks (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.77 [95% CI 0.62-0.96], P = 0.02). However, patients with diabetes had significantly higher mortality (adjusted HR 1.30 [95% CI 1.11-1.53], P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: All-cause mortality is higher in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes with primary prophylactic ICDs. Subsequently, patients with diabetes have a lower incidence of appropriate ICD shocks, indicating that the excess mortality might not be caused primarily by ventricular tachyarrhythmias. These findings suggest a limitation of the potential of prophylactic ICD therapy to improve survival in patients with diabetes with impaired left ventricular function.
Authors: Markus Zabel; Rik Willems; Andrzej Lubinski; Axel Bauer; Josep Brugada; David Conen; Panagiota Flevari; Gerd Hasenfuß; Martin Svetlosak; Heikki V Huikuri; Marek Malik; Nikola Pavlović; Georg Schmidt; Rajevaa Sritharan; Simon Schlögl; Janko Szavits-Nossan; Vassil Traykov; Anton E Tuinenburg; Stefan N Willich; Markus Harden; Tim Friede; Jesper Hastrup Svendsen; Christian Sticherling; Béla Merkely Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2020-09-21 Impact factor: 29.983