Chenkai Wu1,2,3, Ya-Xi Li1, Megan M Marron4, Michelle C Odden5, Anne B Newman4, Jason L Sanders6. 1. Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China. 2. Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 3. Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China. 4. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 5. Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, California. 6. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The concept of resilience has gained increasing attention in aging research; however, current literature lacks consensus on how to measure resilience. We constructed a novel resilience measure based on the degree of mismatch between persons' frailty level and disease burden and examined its predictive validity. We also sought to explore the physiological correlates of resilience. METHODS: Participants were 2,457 older adults from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. We constructed the resilience measure as the residual taken from the linear model regressing frailty on age, sex, race/ethnicity, 14 diseases, self-reported health, and number of medications. Participants were classified into three groups-adapters, expected agers, and premature frailers-based on residuals (less than, within, or above one standard deviation of the mean). Validation outcomes included years of able life (YAL), years of healthy life (YHL), years of healthy and able life (YHAL), disability, hospitalization, and survival. RESULTS: The average YHAL was 5.1, 7.7, and 9.1 years among premature frailers, expected agers, and adapters, respectively. Compared with premature frailers and expected agers, adapters had significantly lower rates of disability, hospitalization, and mortality and higher proportion surviving to 90 years. The likelihood of surviving to 90 years was 20.4%, 30.6%, and 39.7% among premature frailers, expected agers, and adapters. CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated a novel approach for quantifying and classifying physical resilience in a cohort of well-functioning white and black older adults. Persons with high physical resilience level had longer healthy life span and lower rates of adverse outcomes.
BACKGROUND: The concept of resilience has gained increasing attention in aging research; however, current literature lacks consensus on how to measure resilience. We constructed a novel resilience measure based on the degree of mismatch between persons' frailty level and disease burden and examined its predictive validity. We also sought to explore the physiological correlates of resilience. METHODS: Participants were 2,457 older adults from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. We constructed the resilience measure as the residual taken from the linear model regressing frailty on age, sex, race/ethnicity, 14 diseases, self-reported health, and number of medications. Participants were classified into three groups-adapters, expected agers, and premature frailers-based on residuals (less than, within, or above one standard deviation of the mean). Validation outcomes included years of able life (YAL), years of healthy life (YHL), years of healthy and able life (YHAL), disability, hospitalization, and survival. RESULTS: The average YHAL was 5.1, 7.7, and 9.1 years among premature frailers, expected agers, and adapters, respectively. Compared with premature frailers and expected agers, adapters had significantly lower rates of disability, hospitalization, and mortality and higher proportion surviving to 90 years. The likelihood of surviving to 90 years was 20.4%, 30.6%, and 39.7% among premature frailers, expected agers, and adapters. CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated a novel approach for quantifying and classifying physical resilience in a cohort of well-functioning white and black older adults. Persons with high physical resilience level had longer healthy life span and lower rates of adverse outcomes.
Authors: Jason L Sanders; Robert M Boudreau; Linda P Fried; Jeremy D Walston; Tamara B Harris; Anne B Newman Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2011-08-24 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Jeremy Walston; Mary Ann McBurnie; Anne Newman; Russell P Tracy; Willem J Kop; Calvin H Hirsch; John Gottdiener; Linda P Fried Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2002-11-11
Authors: Dane J Genther; Joshua Betz; Sheila Pratt; Kathryn R Martin; Tamara B Harris; Suzanne Satterfield; Douglas C Bauer; Anne B Newman; Eleanor M Simonsick; Frank R Lin Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2015-06-11 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Jason L Sanders; Jatinder Singh; Ryan L Minster; Jeremy D Walston; Amy M Matteini; Kaare Christensen; Richard Mayeux; Ingrid B Borecki; Thomas Perls; Anne B Newman Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2016-06-13 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Chenkai Wu; Ellen Smit; Jason L Sanders; Anne B Newman; Michelle C Odden Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2017-10-01 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Svetlana Ukraintseva; Konstantin Arbeev; Matt Duan; Igor Akushevich; Alexander Kulminski; Eric Stallard; Anatoliy Yashin Journal: Mech Ageing Dev Date: 2020-12-16 Impact factor: 5.432