| Literature DB >> 31607768 |
Lena Barrera1,2, Fernando Gómez3, Delia Ortega-Lenis4,5, Jairo Corchuelo Ojeda6, Fabián Méndez4.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: High blood pressure (HBP) is the main cardiovascular risk factor, it is more prevalent in the older adult population, and the prevalence can vary between ethnic groups.Entities:
Keywords: Colombia.; Hypertension; aged; aging; blood pressure; cardiovascular diseases; elderly; ethnic groups; ethnicity; health surveys; older adults; skin pigmentation; surveys and questionnaires
Mesh:
Year: 2019 PMID: 31607768 PMCID: PMC6774579 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i2.4124
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Characteristics of the total population included distributed by skin color
| Characteristics | Light | Medium | Dark | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n* | % | IC** | % | IC** | % | IC** | % | IC** | |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Men | 10,112 | 41.0 | 39.1-42.8 | 49.8 | 46.1-53.4 | 54.2 | 50.2-58.2 | 45.5 | 44.2-46.7 |
| Women | 13,582 | 59.0 | 57.2-60.9 | 50.2 | 46.6-53.9 | 45.8 | 41.8-49.8 | 54.5 | 53.3-55.8 |
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| 60-69 | 12,101 | 56.0 | 54.1-57.9 | 58.5 | 56.9-60.1 | 56.3 | 52.4-60.1 | 56.9 | 55.5-58.3 |
| 70-79 | 7,720 | 30.5 | 28.7-32.4 | 29.4 | 27.8-31.1 | 31.0 | 26.9-35.4 | 30.2 | 29.1-31.4 |
| ≥ 80 | 3,873 | 13.5 | 12.3-14.8 | 12.1 | 10.9-13.4 | 12.8 | 11.2-14.5 | 12.9 | 12.2-13.7 |
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| 1 | 10,313 | 20.8 | 13.7-30.3 | 33.0 | 23.7-43.8 | 51.9 | 42.5-61.2 | 28.4 | 19.5-39.3 |
| 2 | 9,033 | 38.6 | 36.2-41.1 | 43.0 | 37.4-48.7 | 34.3 | 28.3-40.9 | 39.7 | 36.5-42.9 |
| 3-4 | 4,181 | 37.7 | 28.8-47.4 | 22.8 | 17.4-29.3 | 13.6 | 8.7-20.5 | 29.9 | 22.0-39.3 |
| 5- 6 | 167 | 2.9 | 1.6-5.1 | 1.2 | 0.6-2.4 | 0.2 | 0.1-0.6 | 2.0 | 1.3-3.2 |
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| Urban | 17189 | 84.5 | 70.0-92.7 | 72.3 | 55.7-84.4 | 65.0 | 47.2-79.5 | 78.1 | 63.2-88.1 |
| Rural | 6505 | 15.5 | 7.3-30.0 | 27.7 | 15.6-44.3 | 35.0 | 20.5-52.8 | 21.9 | 11.9-36.8 |
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| Atlántico | 6202 | 10.6 | 3.5-27.9 | 24.5 | 11.2-45.5 | 44.5 | 23.7-67.4 | 19.1 | 8.0-39.1 |
| East | 3583 | 20.7 | 7.5-45.6 | 18.2 | 7.0-39.6 | 3.3 | 0.9-11.4 | 17.9 | 6.9-39.1 |
| Orinoquia and Amazonia | 1394 | 1.5 | 0.4-5.5 | 1.4 | 0.4-4.7 | 0.5 | 0.2-1.1 | 1.4 | 0.4-4.5 |
| Bogotá | 2003 | 23.4 | 3.6-71.2 | 11.2 | 1.6-49.9 | 3.7 | 0.5-23.4 | 17.0 | 2.5-62.0 |
| Central | 6351 | 29.5 | 9.8-61.8 | 27.0 | 9.5-56.6 | 15.0 | 4.2-41.4 | 27.0 | 9.3-57.2 |
| Pacific | 4161 | 14.4 | 3.2-46.3 | 17.6 | 5.9-42.4 | 33.1 | 14.5-59.1 | 17.5 | 5.2-45.4 |
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| Barranquilla | 544 | 3.1 | 0.4-20.5 | 4.1 | 0.6-24.8 | 5.5 | 0.8-30.3 | 3.7 | 0.5-23.2 |
| Cali | 923 | 7.4 | 1.0-38.3 | 5.7 | 0.8-30.8 | 8.1 | 1.3-37.0 | 6.9 | 1.0-35.5 |
| Medellín | 849 | 10.3 | 1.5-46.3 | 9.1 | 1.4-41.2 | 5.0 | 0.7-27.8 | 9.3 | 1.4-42.6 |
| Others | 21378 | 79.2 | 51.0-93.3 | 81.1 | 58.1-93.0 | 81.4 | 60.4-92.6 | 80.1 | 55.2-92.9 |
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| Contributory | 8627 | 56 | 48.8-62.9 | 43.4 | 36.3-50.7 | 30.8 | 23.3-39.6 | 48.9 | 41.0-56.8 |
| Subsidized | 14,160 | 39.5 | 32.2-47.3 | 52.9 | 45.7-59.9 | 64.9 | 56.8-72.3 | 46.9 | 38.9-55.1 |
| Special regimes | 371 | 2.6 | 1.6-4.2 | 1.2 | 0.7-1.9 | 1.4 | 0.7-2.8 | 2.0 | 1.2-3.2 |
| Non-affiliation | 512 | 1.9 | 1.3-2.7 | 2.5 | 1.5-3.9 | 2.7 | 1.9-4.1 | 2.2 | 1.6-3.0 |
* N= number
Standardized prevalence * of high blood pressure by age for each sex and skin color.
| 60-69 years | 70-79 years | ≥80 years | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | CI‡ | % | CI | % | CI | % | CI | |
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| Light | 45.0 | 39.3-50.7 | 61.8 | 56.1-67.5 | 70.6 | 64.1-77.1 | 53.2 | 48.7-57.7 |
| Medium | 42.7 | 35.8-49.6 | 59.7 | 52.8-66.6 | 61.0 | 54.1-67.9 | 49.6 | 44.5-54.7 |
| Dark | 41.6 | 30.8-52.4 | 60.1 | 49.3-70.9 | 59.2 | 48.4-70.0 | 49.4 | 41.0-57.8 |
| Total | 43.7 | 38.4-49.0 | 60.8 | 55.9-65.7 | 65.6 | 58.9-72.3 | 51.4 | 47.3-55.5 |
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| Light | 58.3 | 55.8-60.8 | 65.5 | 63.0-68.0 | 71.9 | 66.8-77.0 | 62.5 | 60.5-64.5 |
| Medium | 55.2 | 48.9-61.5 | 67.4 | 61.1-73.7 | 76.9 | 71.6-82.2 | 61.7 | 57.8-65.6 |
| Dark | 65.0 | 57.2-72.8 | 73.6 | 65.8-81.4 | 80.4 | 74.3-86.5 | 69.9 | 63.6-76.2 |
| Total | 57.9 | 55.2-60.6 | 66.9 | 64.2-69.6 | 74.2 | 70.5-77.9 | 62.9 | 60.9-64.9 |
| General Total | 51.2 | 47.7-54.7 | 64.2 | 61.5-66.9 | 70.6 | 66.3-74.9 | 57.7 | 55.2-60.2 |
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| Light | 82.1 | 80.9-83.3 | 81.9 | 79.5-84.3 | 74.8 | 71.5-78.1 | 81.1 | 79.7-82.5 |
| Medium | 84.7 | 81.0-88.4 | 80.2 | 78.0-82.4 | 78.8 | 74.3-83.3 | 82.8 | 79.9-85.7 |
| Dark | 83.6 | 78.7-88.5 | 79.3 | 75.2-83.4 | 79.1 | 76.0-82.2 | 81.7 | 78.6-84.8 |
| Mean value | 83.3 | 81.5-85.1 | 81.1 | 79.1-83.1 | 76.8 | 73.9-79.7 | 81.8 | 80.2-83.4 |
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| Light | 79.8 | 75.9-83.7 | 78.7 | 76.5-80.9 | 75.0 | 72.8-77.2 | 78.9 | 76.2-81.6 |
| Medium | 78.6 | 76.4-80.8 | 78.0 | 75.8-80.2 | 75.7 | 74.1-77.3 | 78.0 | 76.4-79.6 |
| Dark | 80.8 | 77.5-84.1 | 79.6 | 75.1-84.1 | 77.1 | 71.4-82.8 | 79.7 | 76.8-82.6 |
| Mean value | 79.5 | 76.2-82.8 | 78.5 | 76.7-80.3 | 75.4 | 74.0-76.8 | 78.7 | 76.3-81.1 |
| General mean value | 81.2 | 78.7-83.7 | 79.7 | 77.9-81.5 | 76.0 | 74.0-78.0 | 80.0 | 78.0-82.0 |
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| Light | 136.9 | 128.9-144.9 | 149.6 | 141.4-157.8 | 145.9 | 132.2-159.6 | 142.3 | 133.5-151.1 |
| Medium | 144.2 | 136.6-151.8 | 141.4 | 134.1-148.7 | 140.9 | 129.3-152.5 | 143.1 | 136.8-149.4 |
| Dark | 141.9 | 131.7-152.1 | 145.8 | 135.2-156.4 | 152.9 | 141.3-164.5 | 144.5 | 135.3-153.7 |
| Mean value | 140.3 | 133.8-146.8 | 146.8 | 139.5-154.1 | 144.5 | 136.1-152.9 | 142.8 | 136.1-149.5 |
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| Light | 135.7 | 127.7-143.7 | 143.9 | 135.7-152.1 | 142.5 | 132.3-152.7 | 139.0 | 131.4-146.6 |
| Medium | 132.7 | 125.1-140.3 | 147.5 | 141.2-153.8 | 150.4 | 145.7-155.1 | 139.5 | 132.4-146.6 |
| Dark | 152.7 | 135.3-170.1 | 142.0 | 131.0-153.0 | 141.5 | 132.7-150.3 | 147.3 | 135.7-158.9 |
| Mean value | 135.7 | 127.9-143.5 | 144.8 | 137.7-151.9 | 144.8 | 136.4-153.2 | 139.6 | 132.3-146.9 |
| General mean value | 137.7 | 130.6-144.8 | 145.7 | 138.8-152.6 | 144.7 | 137.4-152 | 141.0 | 134.1-147.9 |
* Standardized prevalence using the direct method and the Colombian population, 2015
** Pressure levels in mm Hg estimated for the subsample
Awareness, treatment and control of people aged 60 years or older with high blood pressure
| Percentage of people who were aware about being hypertensive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60-69 | 70-79 | ≥ 80 | Total | |||||
| % | CI* | % | CI | % | CI | % | CI | |
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| Light | 90.4 | 82.0-95.1 | 91.4 | 85.3-95.1 | 91.0 | 85.6-94.5 | 90.8 | 85.5-94.3 |
| Medium | 87.1 | 78.3-92.6 | 94.3 | 90.4-96.6 | 96.0 | 91.5-98.2 | 90.8 | 85.2-94.4 |
| Dark | 92.8 | 84.9-96.7 | 94.5 | 88.0-97.5 | 93.4 | 81.7-97.8 | 93.5 | 88.9-96.3 |
| Total | 89.4 | 83.0-93.6 | 92.8 | 89.4-95.2 | 93.0 | 89.4-95.4 | 91.1 | 87.0-94.1 |
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| Light | 94.4 | 87.6-97.6 | 95.5 | 93.0-97.2 | 97.5 | 95.2-98.7 | 95.3 | 91.9-97.3 |
| Medium | 97.9 | 96.5-98.8 | 94.0 | 86.4-97.5 | 94.3 | 86.9-97.6 | 96.1 | 93.1-97.8 |
| Dark | 95.2 | 86.9-98.4 | 98.2 | 93.6-99.5 | 100.0 | 0.0-0.0 | 97.0 | 92.4-98.8 |
| Total | 95.6 | 90.9-97.9 | 95.3 | 92.7-97.0 | 96.8 | 94.4-98.2 | 95.7 | 93.1-97.4 |
| General Total | 93.1 | 88.3-96.0 | 94.3 | 91.8-96.0 | 95.3 | 93.2-96.8 | 93.9 | 90.8-95.9 |
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| Light | 80.8 | 76.2-84.7 | 91.6 | 87.2-94.6 | 93.7 | 88.2-96.7 | 86.7 | 84.1-88.9 |
| Medium | 79.8 | 74.4-84.3 | 81.8 | 67.5-90.6 | 80.8 | 63.4-91.1 | 80.6 | 74.4-85.7 |
| Dark | 79.6 | 68.4-87.6 | 92.4 | 86.1-96.0 | 77.1 | 53.6-90.8 | 84.2 | 77.6-89.1 |
| Total | 80.3 | 76.1-83.9 | 88.2 | 81.9-92.5 | 87.3 | 79.7-92.3 | 84.2 | 81.2-86.8 |
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| Light | 90.3 | 85.3-93.7 | 95.5 | 93.5-96.8 | 96.6 | 95.2-97.6 | 93.0 | 90.6-94.9 |
| Medium | 89.0 | 86.5-91.1 | 92.2 | 84.4-96.3 | 92.2 | 87.7-95.2 | 90.6 | 88.2-92.5 |
| Dark | 82.0 | 74.0-87.9 | 93.2 | 87.8-96.3 | 96.5 | 93.1-98.2 | 88.2 | 83.4-91.8 |
| Total | 89.0 | 85.9-91.5 | 94.2 | 91.0-96.3 | 95.3 | 93.6-96.6 | 91.8 | 89.7-93.4 |
| General Total | 85.7 | 83.8-87.4 | 91.7 | 88.1-94.3 | 92.3 | 89.3-94.5 | 88.8 | 86.8-90.5 |
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| Light | 46.4 | 36.9-56.1 | 32.7 | 24.9-41.7 | 41.5 | 23.2-62.5 | 40.3 | 32.0-49.2 |
| Medium | 41.8 | 23.6-62.4 | 49.6 | 32.1-67.2 | 52.1 | 32.1-71.5 | 45.2 | 29.5-62.0 |
| Dark | 54.6 | 23.6-82.3 | 34.5 | 10.1-71.1 | 27.5 | 8.4-61.0 | 44.5 | 18.0-74.5 |
| Total | 45.4 | 33.1-58.2 | 37.6 | 27.7-48.6 | 43.4 | 30.2-57.5 | 42.4 | 31.5-54.1 |
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| Light | 63.5 | 52.9-73.0 | 45.8 | 31.6-60.8 | 51.8 | 37.0-66.4 | 56.5 | 46.0-66.4 |
| Medium | 63.8 | 45.9-78.5 | 48.6 | 36.5-60.9 | 31.5 | 22.4-42.3 | 52.7 | 38.9-66.1 |
| Dark | 53.3 | 28.8-76.3 | 43.5 | 17.4-73.7 | 89.2 | 79.5-94.6 | 57.9 | 36.5-76.6 |
| Total | 63.0 | 51.2-73.4 | 46.5 | 34.3-59.1 | 48.9 | 36.4-61.6 | 55.5 | 44.6-66.0 |
| General Total | 55.7 | 45.7-65.2 | 42.6 | 32.2-53.6 | 46.8 | 37.8-56.1 | 50.1 | 40.2-59.9 |
*CI confidence interval
Access to health care in the population aged 60 years or older with high blood pressure.
| Clear | Medium | Dark | Total | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-controlled* | Controlled¥ | Non-controlled | Controlled | Non-controlled | Controlled | Non-controlled | Controlled | |||||||||
| % | CI | % | CI | % | CI | % | CI | % | CI | % | CI | % | IC | % | IC | |
| Having no physician visits ‡ | 66 | 54.9-76.1 | 34 | 23.9-45.1 | 69 | 58.2-78.7 | 31 | 21.3-41.8 | 70 | 58.2-79.2 | 30 | 20.8-41.8 | 68 | 61.3-73.2 | 33 | 26.8-38.7 |
| At least one physician visit ‡ | 45 | 33.7-56.7 | 55 | 43.3-66.3 | 45 | 31.6-59.3 | 55 | 40.7-68.4 | 42 | 19.6-69.1 | 58 | 30.9-80.4 | 45 | 33.2-56.9 | 55 | 43.1-66.8 |
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| Contributive | 48 | 37.3-58.9 | 52 | 41.1-62.7 | 43 | 28.9-58.9 | 57 | 41.1-71.1 | 44 | 17.7-74.2 | 56 | 25.8-82.3 | 46 | 34.9-58.4 | 54 | 41.6-65.1 |
| Subsidized | 55 | 47.0-63.0 | 45 | 37.0-53.0 | 60 | 48.5-70.1 | 40 | 29.9-51.5 | 53 | 35.7-69.4 | 47 | 30.6-64.3 | 56 | 47.6-64.8 | 44 | 35.2-52.4 |
| Special regimes | 12 | 5.6-24.3 | 88 | 75.7-94.4 | 33 | 6.8-76.9 | 67 | 23.1-93.2 | 6.3 | 0.6-44.5 | 94 | 55.5-99.4 | 14 | 7.8-24.5 | 86 | 75.5-92.2 |
| Non-affiliation | 67 | 39.5-86.2 | 33 | 13.8-60.5 | 73 | 46.1-89.4 | 27 | 10.6-53.9 | 44 | 18.9-72.0 | 56 | 28.0-81.1 | 68 | 48.2-82.3 | 32 | 17.7-51.8 |
| Total | 50 | 41.0-58.2 | 50 | 41.8-59.0 | 51 | 37.6-64.2 | 49 | 35.8-62.4 | 49 | 26.2-72.0 | 51 | 28.0-73.8 | 50 | 40.1-59.7 | 50 | 40.3-59.9 |
* Person with blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg
¥ Person with blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg
‡ Physician visits within the last 30 days
Habits and cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive population aged 60 years or older.
| Light | Medium | Dark | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Activity ƚ | % | CIŧ | % | CIŧ | % | CIŧ | % | CIŧ |
| Man | 28.8 | 25.5-32.4 | 27.3 | 24.6-30.1 | 29.6 | 23.2-36.9 | 28.3 | 25.7-31.1 |
| Woman | 17.1 | 12.9-22.3 | 15.4 | 11.5-20.3 | 16 | 11.8-21.2 | 16.4 | 13.0-20.6 |
| Total | 21.9 | 18.8-25.4 | 21.3 | 19.4-23.4 | 23.4 | 19.5-27.7 | 21.8 | 19.5-24.3 |
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| Man | 13.3 | 10.3-17.2 | 15.2 | 11.4-19.9 | 23.5 | 17.6-30.5 | 15.4 | 12.2-19.2 |
| Woman | 6.9 | 4.9-9.8 | 7.2 | 5.2-9.8 | 15.5 | 11.0-21.5 | 7.8 | 5.9-10.3 |
| Total | 9.6 | 7.1-12.7 | 11.1 | 8.5-14.5 | 19.8 | 15.3-25.3 | 11.2 | 8.9-14.1 |
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| No consumption* | 94.5 | 93.1-95.6 | 94.9 | 93.7-95.9 | 95.1 | 92.9-96.7 | 94.7 | 93.8-95.5 |
| Regular consumption** | 3.8 | 2.8-5.2 | 3.9 | 3.1-5.0 | 2.8 | 1.8-4.2 | 3.7 | 3.0-4.6 |
| Frequent consumption *** | 1.6 | 1.1-2.3 | 1.1 | 0.6-2.1 | 2.1 | 1.1-4.0 | 1.5 | 1.1-2.0 |
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| No consumption | 99 | 98.5-99.4 | 99.4 | 99.0-99.7 | 99.8 | 99.2-99.9 | 99.2 | 98.9-99.4 |
| Regular consumption | 0.8 | 0.5-1.2 | 0.3 | 0.1-0.9 | 0.1 | 0.0-0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4-0.9 |
| Frequent consumption | 0.2 | 0.1-0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1-0.4 | 0.2 | 0.0-0.9 | 0.2 | 0.1-0.3 |
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| No consumption | 97.2 | 96.5-97.7 | 97.2 | 96.5-97.7 | 97.3 | 96.1-98.1 | 97.2 | 96.7-97.6 |
| Regular consumption | 2.0 | 1.6-2.5 | 2.1 | 1.7-2.7 | 1.5 | 1.0-2.3 | 2.0 | 1.6-2.5 |
| Frequent consumption | 0.7 | 0.5-1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4-1.1 | 1.2 | 0.7-2.2 | 0.8 | 0.6-1.0 |
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| Man | 63.1 | 58.5-67.5 | 63 | 55.8-69.7 | 70.2 | 66.6-73.5 | 63.9 | 59.6-68.1 |
| Woman | 74.5 | 70.5-78.1 | 70.9 | 64.7-76.4 | 73.9 | 68.4-78.8 | 73.3 | 69.4-77.0 |
| Total | 69.8 | 66.0-73.3 | 66.9 | 61.4-71.9 | 71.7 | 68.2-75.0 | 69.0 | 65.3-72.4 |
ŧ Confidence Interval
ƚ Perform moderate or intense physical activity, at least three times a week
¥ Active smoker
* Drink alcohol less than one day in a week, or do not consume alcohol
** Drink alcohol two or three times a week
*** Drink alcohol four or more days a week
¶ Fruits and/or vegetables intake at least twice a day
Características de la población total incluida distribuida por el color de piel
| Características | Claro | Medio | Oscuro | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sexo | n* | % | IC** | % | IC** | % | IC** | % | IC** |
| Hombre | 10,112 | 41.0 | 39.1-42.8 | 49.8 | 46.1-53.4 | 54.2 | 50.2-58.2 | 45.5 | 44.2-46.7 |
| Mujeres | 13,582 | 59.0 | 57.2-60.9 | 50.2 | 46.6-53.9 | 45.8 | 41.8-49.8 | 54.5 | 53.3-55.8 |
| 60-69 | 12,101 | 56.0 | 54.1-57.9 | 58.5 | 56.9-60.1 | 56.3 | 52.4-60.1 | 56.9 | 55.5-58.3 |
| 70-79 | 7,720 | 30.5 | 28.7-32.4 | 29.4 | 27.8-31.1 | 31 | 26.9-35.4 | 30.2 | 29.1-31.4 |
| 80 y más | 3,873 | 13.5 | 12.3-14.8 | 12.1 | 10.9-13.4 | 12.8 | 11.2-14.5 | 12.9 | 12.2-13.7 |
| 1 | 10,313 | 20.8 | 13.7-30.3 | 33 | 23.7-43.8 | 51.9 | 42.5-61.2 | 28.4 | 19.5-39.3 |
| 2 | 9,033 | 38.6 | 36.2-41.1 | 43 | 37.4-48.7 | 34.3 | 28.3-40.9 | 39.7 | 36.5-42.9 |
| 03-abr | 4,181 | 37.7 | 28.8-47.4 | 22.8 | 17.4-29.3 | 13.6 | 8.7-20.5 | 29.9 | 22.0-39.3 |
| 05-jun | 167 | 2.9 | 1.6-5.1 | 1.2 | 0.6-2.4 | 0.2 | 0.1-0.6 | 2 | 1.3-3.2 |
| Urbano | 17189 | 84.5 | 70.0-92.7 | 72.3 | 55.7-84.4 | 65 | 47.2-79.5 | 78.1 | 63.2-88.1 |
| Rural | 6505 | 15.5 | 7.3-30.0 | 27.7 | 15.6-44.3 | 35 | 20.5-52.8 | 21.9 | 11.9-36.8 |
| Atlántico | 6202 | 10.6 | 3.5-27.9 | 24.5 | 11.2-45.5 | 44.5 | 23.7-67.4 | 19.1 | 8.0-39.1 |
| Oriental | 3583 | 20.7 | 7.5-45.6 | 18.2 | 7.0-39.6 | 3.3 | 0.9-11.4 | 17.9 | 6.9-39.1 |
| Orinoquia y Amazonia | 1394 | 1.5 | 0.4-5.5 | 1.4 | 0.4-4.7 | 0.5 | 0.2-1.1 | 1.4 | 0.4-4.5 |
| Bogotá | 2003 | 23.4 | 3.6-71.2 | 11.2 | 1.6-49.9 | 3.7 | 0.5-23.4 | 17 | 2.5-62.0 |
| Central | 6351 | 29.5 | 9.8-61.8 | 27 | 9.5-56.6 | 15 | 4.2-41.4 | 27 | 9.3-57.2 |
| Pacifica | 4161 | 14.4 | 3.2-46.3 | 17.6 | 5.9-42.4 | 33.1 | 14.5-59.1 | 17.5 | 5.2-45.4 |
| Barranquilla | 544 | 3.1 | 0.4-20.5 | 4.1 | 0.6-24.8 | 5.5 | 0.8-30.3 | 3.7 | 0.5-23.2 |
| Cali | 923 | 7.4 | 1,0-38,3 | 5,7 | 0,8-30,8 | 8,1 | 1,3-37,0 | 6,9 | 1,0-35,5 |
| Medellín | 849 | 10.3 | 1,5-46,3 | 9,1 | 1,4-41,2 | 5,0 | 0,7-27,8 | 9,3 | 1,4-42,6 |
| Otras | 21378 | 79.2 | 51,0-93,3 | 81,1 | 58,1-93,0 | 81,4 | 60,4-92,6 | 80,1 | 55,2-92,9 |
| Contributivo | 8627 | 56.0 | 48,8-62,9 | 43,4 | 36,3-50,7 | 30,8 | 23,3-39,6 | 48,9 | 41,0-56,8 |
| Subsidiado | 14,160 | 39.5 | 32,2-47,3 | 52,9 | 45,7-59,9 | 64,9 | 56,8-72,3 | 46,9 | 38,9-55,1 |
| Esquemas especiales | 371 | 2.6 | 1,6-4,2 | 1,2 | 0,7-1,9 | 1,4 | 0,7-2,8 | 2 | 1,2-3,2 |
| No asegurado | 512 | 1.9 | 1,3-2,7 | 2,5 | 1,5-3,9 | 2,7 | 1,9-4,1 | 2,2 | 1,6-3,0 |
* N= número
Prevalencia estandarizada* de presión arterial elevada por edad de presión arterial elevada para cada sexo y color de piel.
| 60-69 años | 70-79 años | ≥80 años | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hombres | % | IC‡ | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC |
| Claro | 45.0 | 39.3-50.7 | 61.8 | 56.1-67.5 | 70.6 | 64.1-77.1 | 53.2 | 48.7-57.7 |
| Medio | 42.7 | 35.8-49.6 | 59.7 | 52.8-66.6 | 61.0 | 54.1-67.9 | 49.6 | 44.5-54.7 |
| Oscuro | 41.6 | 30.8-52.4 | 60.1 | 49.3-70.9 | 59.2 | 48.4-70.0 | 49.4 | 41.0-57.8 |
| Total | 43.7 | 38.4-49.0 | 60.8 | 55.9-65.7 | 65.6 | 58.9-72.3 | 51.4 | 47.3-55.5 |
| Claro | 58.3 | 55.8-60.8 | 65.5 | 63.0-68.0 | 71.9 | 66.8-77.0 | 62.5 | 60.5-64.5 |
| Medio | 55.2 | 48.9-61.5 | 67.4 | 61.1-73.7 | 76.9 | 71.6-82.2 | 61.7 | 57.8-65.6 |
| Oscuro | 65.0 | 57.2-72.8 | 73.6 | 65.8-81.4 | 80.4 | 74.3-86.5 | 69.9 | 63.6-76.2 |
| Total | 57.9 | 55.2-60.6 | 66.9 | 64.2-69.6 | 74.2 | 70.5-77.9 | 62.9 | 60.9-64.9 |
| Total general | 51.2 | 47.7-54.7 | 64.2 | 61.5-66.9 | 70.6 | 66.3-74.9 | 57.7 | 55.2-60.2 |
| Claro | 82.1 | 80.9-83.3 | 81.9 | 79.5-84.3 | 74.8 | 71.5-78.1 | 81.1 | 79.7-82.5 |
| Medio | 84.7 | 81.0-88.4 | 80.2 | 78.0-82.4 | 78.8 | 74.3-83.3 | 82.8 | 79.9-85.7 |
| Oscuro | 83.6 | 78.7-88.5 | 79.3 | 75.2-83.4 | 79.1 | 76.0-82.2 | 81.7 | 78.6-84.8 |
| Promedio | 83.3 | 81.5-85.1 | 81.1 | 79.1-83.1 | 76.8 | 73.9-79.7 | 81.8 | 80.2-83.4 |
| Claro | 79.8 | 75.9-83.7 | 78.7 | 76.5-80.9 | 75.0 | 72.8-77.2 | 78.9 | 76.2-81.6 |
| Medio | 78.6 | 76.4-80.8 | 78.0 | 75.8-80.2 | 75.7 | 74.1-77.3 | 78.0 | 76.4-79.6 |
| Oscuro | 80.8 | 77.5-84.1 | 79.6 | 75.1-84.1 | 77.1 | 71.4-82.8 | 79.7 | 76.8-82.6 |
| Promedio | 79.5 | 76.2-82.8 | 78.5 | 76.7-80.3 | 75.4 | 74.0-76.8 | 78.7 | 76.3-81.1 |
| Promedio general | 81.2 | 78.7-83.7 | 79.7 | 77.9-81.5 | 76.0 | 74.0-78.0 | 80.0 | 78.0-82.0 |
| Claro | 136.9 | 128.9-144.9 | 149.6 | 141.4-157.8 | 145.9 | 132.2-159.6 | 142.3 | 133.5-151.1 |
| Medio | 144.2 | 136.6-151.8 | 141.4 | 134.1-148.7 | 140.9 | 129.3-152.5 | 143.1 | 136.8-149.4 |
| Oscuro | 141.9 | 131.7-152.1 | 145.8 | 135.2-156.4 | 152.9 | 141.3-164.5 | 144.5 | 135.3-153.7 |
| Promedio | 140.3 | 133.8-146.8 | 146.8 | 139.5-154.1 | 144.5 | 136.1-152.9 | 142.8 | 136.1-149.5 |
| Claro | 135.7 | 127.7-143.7 | 143.9 | 135.7-152.1 | 142.5 | 132.3-152.7 | 139.0 | 131.4-146.6 |
| Medio | 132.7 | 125.1-140.3 | 147.5 | 141.2-153.8 | 150.4 | 145.7-155.1 | 139.5 | 132.4-146.6 |
| Oscuro | 152.7 | 135.3-170.1 | 142.0 | 131.0-153.0 | 141.5 | 132.7-150.3 | 147.3 | 135.7-158.9 |
| Promedio | 135.7 | 127.9-143.5 | 144.8 | 137.7-151.9 | 144.8 | 136.4-153.2 | 139.6 | 132.3-146.9 |
| Promedio general | 137.7 | 130.6-144.8 | 145.7 | 138.8-152.6 | 144.7 | 137.4-152.0 | 141.0 | 134.1-147.9 |
*Prevalencia estandarizada usando el método directo y la población colombiana 2015
** Niveles de presión en mm Hg para la submuestra
Conocimiento, tratamiento y control de las personas con edad igual o mayor a 60 años y presión arterial elevada
| Porcentaje de personas conocedoras de su condición hipertensiva | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60-69 | 70-79 | 80 y más | Total | |||||
| % | IC* | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | |
| Claro | 90.4 | 82.0-95.1 | 91.4 | 85.3-95.1 | 91.0 | 85.6-94.5 | 90.8 | 85.5-94.3 |
| Medio | 87.1 | 78.3-92.6 | 94.3 | 90.4-96.6 | 96.0 | 91.5-98.2 | 90.8 | 85.2-94.4 |
| Oscuro | 92.8 | 84.9-96.7 | 94.5 | 88.0-97.5 | 93.4 | 81.7-97.8 | 93.5 | 88.9-96.3 |
| Total | 89.4 | 83.0-93.6 | 92.8 | 89.4-95.2 | 93.0 | 89.4-95.4 | 91.1 | 87.0-94.1 |
| Claro | 94.4 | 87.6-97.6 | 95.5 | 93.0-97.2 | 97.5 | 95.2-98.7 | 95.3 | 91.9-97.3 |
| Medio | 97.9 | 96.5-98.8 | 94.0 | 86.4-97.5 | 94.3 | 86.9-97.6 | 96.1 | 93.1-97.8 |
| Oscuro | 95.2 | 86.9-98.4 | 98.2 | 93.6-99.5 | 100.0 | 0.0-0.0 | 97.0 | 92.4-98.8 |
| Total | 95.6 | 90.9-97.9 | 95.3 | 92.7-97.0 | 96.8 | 94.4-98.2 | 95.7 | 93.1-97.4 |
| Total general | 93.1 | 88.3-96.0 | 94.3 | 91.8-96.0 | 95.3 | 93.2-96.8 | 93.9 | 90.8-95.9 |
| Claro | 80.8 | 76.2-84.7 | 91.6 | 87.2-94.6 | 93.7 | 88.2-96.7 | 86.7 | 84.1-88.9 |
| Medio | 79.8 | 74.4-84.3 | 81.8 | 67.5-90.6 | 80.8 | 63.4-91.1 | 80.6 | 74.4-85.7 |
| Oscuro | 79.6 | 68.4-87.6 | 92.4 | 86.1-96.0 | 77.1 | 53.6-90.8 | 84.2 | 77.6-89.1 |
| Total | 80.3 | 76.1-83.9 | 88.2 | 81.9-92.5 | 87.3 | 79.7-92.3 | 84.2 | 81.2-86.8 |
| Claro | 90.3 | 85.3-93.7 | 95.5 | 93.5-96.8 | 96.6 | 95.2-97.6 | 93.0 | 90.6-94.9 |
| Medio | 89.0 | 86.5-91.1 | 92.2 | 84.4-96.3 | 92.2 | 87.7-95.2 | 90.6 | 88.2-92.5 |
| Oscuro | 82.0 | 74.0-87.9 | 93.2 | 87.8-96.3 | 96.5 | 93.1-98.2 | 88.2 | 83.4-91.8 |
| Total | 89.0 | 85.9-91.5 | 94.2 | 91.0-96.3 | 95.3 | 93.6-96.6 | 91.8 | 89.7-93.4 |
| Total general | 85.7 | 83.8-87.4 | 91.7 | 88.1-94.3 | 92.3 | 89.3-94.5 | 88.8 | 86.8-90.5 |
| Claro | 46.4 | 36.9-56.1 | 32.7 | 24.9-41.7 | 41.5 | 23.2-62.5 | 40.3 | 32.0-49.2 |
| Medio | 41.8 | 23.6-62.4 | 49.6 | 32.1-67.2 | 52.1 | 32.1-71.5 | 45.2 | 29.5-62.0 |
| Oscuro | 54.6 | 23.6-82.3 | 34.5 | 10.1-71.1 | 27.5 | 8.4-61.0 | 44.5 | 18.0-74.5 |
| Total | 45.4 | 33.1-58.2 | 37.6 | 27.7-48.6 | 43.4 | 30.2-57.5 | 42.4 | 31.5-54.1 |
| Claro | 63.5 | 52.9-73.0 | 45.8 | 31.6-60.8 | 51.8 | 37.0-66.4 | 56.5 | 46.0-66.4 |
| Medio | 63.8 | 45.9-78.5 | 48.6 | 36.5-60.9 | 31.5 | 22.4-42.3 | 52.7 | 38.9-66.1 |
| Oscuro | 53.3 | 28.8-76.3 | 43.5 | 17.4-73.7 | 89.2 | 79.5-94.6 | 57.9 | 36.5-76.6 |
| Total | 63.0 | 51.2-73.4 | 46.5 | 34.3-59.1 | 48.9 | 36.4-61.6 | 55.5 | 44.6-66.0 |
| Total general | 55.7 | 45.7-65.2 | 42.6 | 32.2-53.6 | 46.8 | 37.8-56.1 | 50.1 | 40.2-59.9 |
*IC intervalo de confianza
Acceso al cuidado en salud en la población con edad igual o mayor a 60 años y presión arterial elevada.
| Claro | Medio | Oscuro | Total | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No controlado* | Controlado¥ | No controlado | Controlado | No controlado | Controlado | No controlado | Controlado | |||||||||
| % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | % | IC | |
| No visita médica ‡ | 66.3 | 54.9-76.1 | 33.7 | 23.9-45.1 | 69.4 | 58.2-78.7 | 30.6 | 21.3-41.8 | 69.7 | 58.2-79.2 | 30.3 | 20.8-41.8 | 67.5 | 61.3-73.2 | 32.5 | 26.8-38.7 |
| Al menos una visita médica‡ | 44.9 | 33.7-56.7 | 55.1 | 43.3-66.3 | 45.1 | 31.6-59.3 | 54.9 | 40.7-68.4 | 42.4 | 19.6-69.1 | 57.6 | 30.9-80.4 | 44.8 | 33.2-56.9 | 55.2 | 43.1-66.8 |
| Contributivo | 48.0 | 37.3.58.9 | 52.0 | 41.1.62.7 | 43.3 | 28.9.58.9 | 56.7 | 41.1.71.1 | 44.0 | 17.7.74.2 | 56.0 | 25.8.82.3 | 46.4 | 34.9.58.4 | 53.6 | 41.6.65.1 |
| Subsidiado | 55.2 | 47.0.63.0 | 44.8 | 37.0.53.0 | 59.8 | 48.5.70.1 | 40.2 | 29.9.51.5 | 52.9 | 35.7.69.4 | 47.1 | 30.6.64.3 | 56.4 | 47.6.64.8 | 43.6 | 35.2.52.4 |
| Esquemas especiales | 12.2 | 5.6.24.3 | 87.8 | 75.7.94.4 | 32.9 | 6.8.76.9 | 67.1 | 23.1.93.2 | 6.3 | 0.6.44.5 | 93.7 | 55.5.99.4 | 14.2 | 7.8.24.5 | 85.8 | 75.5.92.2 |
| No asegurado | 66.9 | 39.5.86.2 | 33.1 | 13.8.60.5 | 72.9 | 46.1.89.4 | 27.1 | 10.6.53.9 | 43.6 | 18.9.72.0 | 56.4 | 28.0.81.1 | 67.6 | 48.2.82.3 | 32.4 | 17.7.51.8 |
| Total | 49.6 | 41.0.58.2 | 50.4 | 41.8.59 | 50.9 | 37.6.64.2 | 49.1 | 35.8.62.4 | 49.1 | 26.2.72 | 50.9 | 28.0.73.8 | 49.9 | 40.1.59.7 | 50.1 | 40.3.59.9 |
*Persona con presión arterial≥140/90 mm Hg
¥Persona con presión arterial<140/90 mm Hg
‡Visita médica en los últimos 30 días
Hábitos y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en población hipertensa con edad igual o mayor a 60 años.
| Claro | Medio | Oscuro | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actividad física ƚ | % | ICŧ | % | ICŧ | % | ICŧ | % | ICŧ |
| Hombres | 28.8 | 25.5-32.4 | 27.3 | 24.6-30.1 | 29.6 | 23.2-36.9 | 28.3 | 25.7-31.1 |
| Mujeres | 17.1 | 12.9-22.3 | 15.4 | 11.5-20.3 | 16.0 | 11.8-21.2 | 16.4 | 13.0-20.6 |
| Total | 21.9 | 18.8-25.4 | 21.3 | 19.4-23.4 | 23.4 | 19.5-27.7 | 21.8 | 19.5-24.3 |
| Hombres | 13.3 | 10.3-17.2 | 15.2 | 11.4-19.9 | 23.5 | 17.6-30.5 | 15.4 | 12.2-19.2 |
| Mujeres | 6.9 | 4.9-9.8 | 7.2 | 5.2-9.8 | 15.5 | 11.0-21.5 | 7.8 | 5.9-10.3 |
| Total | 9.6 | 7.1-12.7 | 11.1 | 8.5-14.5 | 19.8 | 15.3-25.3 | 11.2 | 8.9-14.1 |
| No consumo* | 94.5 | 93.1-95.6 | 94.9 | 93.7-95.9 | 95.1 | 92.9-96.7 | 94.7 | 93.8-95.5 |
| Regular consumo** | 3.8 | 2.8-5.2 | 3.9 | 3.1-5.0 | 2.8 | 1.8-4.2 | 3.7 | 3.0-4.6 |
| Consumo frecuente *** | 1.6 | 1.1-2.3 | 1.1 | 0.6-2.1 | 2.1 | 1.1-4.0 | 1.5 | 1.1-2.0 |
| No consumo | 99.0 | 98.5-99.4 | 99.4 | 99.0-99.7 | 99.8 | 99.2-99.9 | 99.2 | 98.9-99.4 |
| Regular consumo | 0.8 | 0.5-1.2 | 0.3 | 0.1-0.9 | 0.1 | 0.0-0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4-0.9 |
| Consumo frecuente | 0.2 | 0.1-0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1-0.4 | 0.2 | 0.0-0.9 | 0.2 | 0.1-0.3 |
| No consumo | 97.2 | 96.5-97.7 | 97.2 | 96.5-97.7 | 97.3 | 96.1-98.1 | 97.2 | 96.7-97.6 |
| Regular consumo | 2.0 | 1.6-2.5 | 2.1 | 1.7-2.7 | 1.5 | 1.0-2.3 | 2.0 | 1.6-2.5 |
| Consumo frecuente | 0.7 | 0.5-1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4-1.1 | 1.2 | 0.7-2.2 | 0.8 | 0.6-1.0 |
| Hombres | 63.1 | 58.5-67.5 | 63.0 | 55.8-69.7 | 70.2 | 66.6-73.5 | 63.9 | 59.6-68.1 |
| Mujeres | 74.5 | 70.5-78.1 | 70.9 | 64.7-76.4 | 73.9 | 68.4-78.8 | 73.3 | 69.4-77.0 |
| Total | 69.8 | 66.0-73.3 | 66.9 | 61.4-71.9 | 71.7 | 68.2-75.0 | 69.0 | 65.3-72.4 |
ŧIntervalo de Confianza
ƚ Realizar actividad física moderada o intense al menos tres veces por semana
¥Fumador activo
*Tomar alcohol menos de un día al día en una semana o no consume alcohol
**Tomar alcohol dos o tres veces a la semana
***Tomar alcohol cuatro o más días a la semana
¶Ingerir de frutas y/o vegetales al menos dos veces al día
| 1)Why was this study done? |
|---|
| To estimate the prevalence of raised blood pressure (RBP) in Colombian people aged 60 years and older according with skin color. |
|
|
| We carried out a national survey of older people in 2014. 57,7% of older people had RBP with a higher prevalence in women with black skin colour, 60,9%. 93.9% of those with RBP were aware of their diagnosis and among those with treatment 50,1% had controlled RBP. There were no differences in control and awareness between people regarding skin colour. Low rates of physical activity were found in all people |
|
|
| RBP is highly prevalent in Colombian older people and only half had controlled RBP. More efforts are needed to prevent RBP and to improve the management of RBP in the elderly. Particulary, initiatives to improve physical activity are required |
| 1) Por que se hizo este estudio? |
|---|
| Para estimar la prevalencia en Colombia, del aumento de la presión arterial en personas mayores de 60 años y relacinado con el color de la piel. |
| Se hizo una encuesta nacional de las personas adultas en 2014. El 57.7% de los adultos mayores tuvieron un aumento de la presión arterial, con una mayor prevalencia en mujeres con el color de la piel negra (60.9%). El 93.9% de los adultos mayores con un aumento de la presión arterial estuvieron consientes de su diagnostico y entre estos el 50.1% estaban en tratamiento para el control de la presión. No hubo diferencias entre el color de piel y el control y el conocimiento de los problemas de presión entre los adultos mayores. Se determinó una baja actividad física entre todos los grupos de adultos |
| El aumento de la presion arterial present una alta prevalencia en los adultos colombianos; solo la mitad de ellos se controlaban la presión. Se necesita un mayor esfuerzo para la prevención del aumento de la presión arterial y para mejorar el manejo de esta afección en la población adulta. Se requiere, particularmente iniciativas para mejorar la actividad física entre esta población |