Alexis C Edwards1, Jon Heron2, Joseph Hibbeln3, Marc A Schuckit4, Bradley T Webb1, Matthew Hickman2, Andrew G Davies5, Jill C Bettinger5. 1. From the, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. 2. Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. 3. Section on Nutritional Neurosciences, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland. 4. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. 5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The levels of the ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been associated with alcohol sensitivity in vertebrate and invertebrate model systems, but prior studies have not examined this association in human samples despite evidence of associations between ω-3 LC-PUFA levels and alcohol-related phenotypes. Both alcohol sensitivity and ω-3 LC-PUFA levels are impacted by genetic factors, and these influences may contribute to observed associations between phenotypes. Given the potential for using EPA and DHA supplementation in adjuvant care for alcohol misuse and other outcomes, it is important to clarify how ω-3 LC-PUFA levels relate to alcohol sensitivity. METHODS: Analyses were conducted using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Plasma ω-3 LC-PUFA levels were measured at ages 15.5 and 17.5. Participants reported on their initial alcohol sensitivity using the early drinking Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE-5) scale, for which more drinks needed for effects indicates lower levels of response per drink, at ages 15.5, 16.5, and 17.5. Polygenic liability for alcohol consumption, alcohol problems, EPA levels, and DHA levels was derived using summary statistics from large, publicly available datasets. Linear regressions were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between ω-3 LC-PUFA levels and SRE scores. RESULTS: Age 15.5 ω-3 LC-PUFA levels were negatively associated with contemporaneous SRE scores and with age 17.5 SRE scores. One modest association (p = 0.02) between polygenic liability and SRE scores was observed, between alcohol problems-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) and age 16.5 SRE scores. Tests of moderation by genetic liability were not warranted. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma ω-3 LC-PUFA levels may be related to initial sensitivity to alcohol during adolescence. These data indicate that diet-related factors have the potential to impact humans' earliest responses to alcohol exposure.
BACKGROUND: The levels of the ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been associated with alcohol sensitivity in vertebrate and invertebrate model systems, but prior studies have not examined this association in human samples despite evidence of associations between ω-3 LC-PUFA levels and alcohol-related phenotypes. Both alcohol sensitivity and ω-3 LC-PUFA levels are impacted by genetic factors, and these influences may contribute to observed associations between phenotypes. Given the potential for using EPA and DHA supplementation in adjuvant care for alcohol misuse and other outcomes, it is important to clarify how ω-3 LC-PUFA levels relate to alcohol sensitivity. METHODS: Analyses were conducted using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Plasma ω-3 LC-PUFA levels were measured at ages 15.5 and 17.5. Participants reported on their initial alcohol sensitivity using the early drinking Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE-5) scale, for which more drinks needed for effects indicates lower levels of response per drink, at ages 15.5, 16.5, and 17.5. Polygenic liability for alcohol consumption, alcohol problems, EPA levels, and DHA levels was derived using summary statistics from large, publicly available datasets. Linear regressions were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between ω-3 LC-PUFA levels and SRE scores. RESULTS: Age 15.5 ω-3 LC-PUFA levels were negatively associated with contemporaneous SRE scores and with age 17.5 SRE scores. One modest association (p = 0.02) between polygenic liability and SRE scores was observed, between alcohol problems-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) and age 16.5 SRE scores. Tests of moderation by genetic liability were not warranted. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma ω-3 LC-PUFA levels may be related to initial sensitivity to alcohol during adolescence. These data indicate that diet-related factors have the potential to impact humans' earliest responses to alcohol exposure.
Authors: Paul A Harris; Robert Taylor; Robert Thielke; Jonathon Payne; Nathaniel Gonzalez; Jose G Conde Journal: J Biomed Inform Date: 2008-09-30 Impact factor: 6.317
Authors: Romina di Giuseppe; Michel de Lorgeril; Patricia Salen; François Laporte; Augusto Di Castelnuovo; Vittorio Krogh; Alfonso Siani; Jozef Arnout; Francesco P Cappuccio; Martien van Dongen; Maria Benedetta Donati; Giovanni de Gaetano; Licia Iacoviello Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2008-12-03 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Andrew G Davies; Jonathan T Pierce-Shimomura; Hongkyun Kim; Miri K VanHoven; Tod R Thiele; Antonello Bonci; Cornelia I Bargmann; Steven L McIntire Journal: Cell Date: 2003-12-12 Impact factor: 41.582
Authors: Marc A Schuckit; Tom L Smith; George P Danko; Juliann Pierson; Victor Hesselbrock; Kathleen K Bucholz; John Kramer; Samuel Kuperman; Cameron Dietiker; Rachael Brandon; Grace Chan Journal: J Stud Alcohol Drugs Date: 2007-05 Impact factor: 2.582
Authors: Jeanne E Savage; Jessica E Salvatore; Fazil Aliev; Alexis C Edwards; Matthew Hickman; Kenneth S Kendler; John Macleod; Antti Latvala; Anu Loukola; Jaakko Kaprio; Richard J Rose; Grace Chan; Victor Hesselbrock; Bradley T Webb; Amy Adkins; Tim B Bigdeli; Brien P Riley; Danielle M Dick Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2018-02-05 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Andy Boyd; Jean Golding; John Macleod; Debbie A Lawlor; Abigail Fraser; John Henderson; Lynn Molloy; Andy Ness; Susan Ring; George Davey Smith Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2012-04-16 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Christopher C Chang; Carson C Chow; Laurent Cam Tellier; Shashaank Vattikuti; Shaun M Purcell; James J Lee Journal: Gigascience Date: 2015-02-25 Impact factor: 6.524