Emma Louise Klatman1, Martin McKee2, Graham David Ogle3. 1. Life for a Child Program, Glebe, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: emma@lifeforachild.org. 2. Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: martin.mckee@lshtm.ac.uk. 3. Life for a Child Program, Glebe, Sydney, Australia; Diabetes NSW & ACT, Glebe, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: grahamo@diabetesnsw.com.au.
Abstract
AIMS: Global governments have committed to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), ensuring access to quality and affordable healthcare for all. This is fundamental for those with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who require daily access to both insulin and blood glucose test strips to survive. This group risks being left behind by global initiatives that fail to consider these particular needs. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to key informants in 37 less-resourced countries. Seven high-income countries were also included for comparison. We drew on a WHO framework developed to assess progress towards UHC to create scales on three dimensions: population covered, services provided and direct costs. A fourth dimension, availability, was added. Results were grouped into six patterns and visually displayed with radar graphs. RESULTS: 65% of the less-resourced national health systems provided insulin, with medians of 67% for service provision (equating to Human Regular and NPH), 55% direct costs covered, and 75% availability. Test strips were only provided in 14% of the less-resourced systems, with medians 42% (less than two strips per day), 76%, and 88% respectively. Six patterns of provision were identified. Progress correlated with income level, yet some low-income countries are achieving provision for insulin and test strips for those enrolled in health insurance schemes. CONCLUSION: No less-resourced country had even near-complete coverage for insulin, and coverage was worse for test strips. This study demonstrates the utility of this framework which could be developed as a means of tracking progress in meeting the needs of people with diabetes.
AIMS: Global governments have committed to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), ensuring access to quality and affordable healthcare for all. This is fundamental for those with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who require daily access to both insulin and blood glucose test strips to survive. This group risks being left behind by global initiatives that fail to consider these particular needs. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to key informants in 37 less-resourced countries. Seven high-income countries were also included for comparison. We drew on a WHO framework developed to assess progress towards UHC to create scales on three dimensions: population covered, services provided and direct costs. A fourth dimension, availability, was added. Results were grouped into six patterns and visually displayed with radar graphs. RESULTS: 65% of the less-resourced national health systems provided insulin, with medians of 67% for service provision (equating to Human Regular and NPH), 55% direct costs covered, and 75% availability. Test strips were only provided in 14% of the less-resourced systems, with medians 42% (less than two strips per day), 76%, and 88% respectively. Six patterns of provision were identified. Progress correlated with income level, yet some low-income countries are achieving provision for insulin and test strips for those enrolled in health insurance schemes. CONCLUSION: No less-resourced country had even near-complete coverage for insulin, and coverage was worse for test strips. This study demonstrates the utility of this framework which could be developed as a means of tracking progress in meeting the needs of people with diabetes.
Authors: Emma L Klatman; Stéphane Besançon; Silver Bahendeka; Mary Mayige; Graham D Ogle Journal: Diabetes Res Clin Pract Date: 2020-06-24 Impact factor: 5.602
Authors: Aida Abdraimova; Stéphane Besançon; Jill Portocarrero; Kaushik Ramaiya; Asel Dunganova; Margaret Ewen; Hans Hogerzeil; Maria Lazo-Porras; Richard Laing; Molly Lepeska; Happy Nchimbi; Assa Sidibé; Andrew Swai; Janeth Tenorio-Mucha; John S Yudkin; Jessica H Zafra-Tanaka; Aida Zurdinova; David Beran Journal: Diabet Med Date: 2022-06-06 Impact factor: 4.213