Adrienne Tham1, Tamarah E Katz2, Rosie E Sutherland3, Millie Garg3, Victoria Liu3, Chai Wei Tong3, Rebecca Brunner4, Justine Quintano4, Clare Collins5, Chee Y Ooi6. 1. Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. 2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. Electronic address: tamarah.katz@health.nsw.gov.au. 3. Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. 4. University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. 5. School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. 6. Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; miCF Research Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Children with CF have been reported to consume significantly more energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods than controls where there are now concerns of inadequate micronutrient intake. There are no current or comprehensive dietary studies assessing micronutrient intake in CF children. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate micronutrient intake in children with CF compared to recommended dietary intakes (RDIs). METHODS: Dietary intake of 13 micronutrients was measured in CF children aged 2-18 years and age- and sex-matched controls using a validated food frequency questionnaire (The Australian Child and Adolescent Eating Survey). RESULTS: CF children (n = 82) consumed significantly more energy than controls (n = 82) [3142(2531-3822) kcal vs 2216(1660-2941) kcal; p < .001]. Absolute intake in CF children was significantly higher in all micronutrients except vitamin C and folate, however energy-adjusted intake was significantly lower for all micronutrients except vitamin A, sodium, calcium and phosphorous. Energy-adjusted intake in primary school CF children was significantly less than controls in 8/13 micronutrients. Overall, median intakes exceeded the RDIs for all micronutrients however CF children fell short of the RDIs for folate (26.8%), iron (15.9%) and calcium (9.8%). In pre-school, 50% of CF children and 91.7% of controls did not meet the iron RDI. High school CF and control children failed to meet RDIs for 7/13 and 9/13 micronutrients respectively. CONCLUSION: Increased intake of most micronutrients in CF children was largely attributed to higher energy consumption. However, micronutrient density of the diet declined with increasing age, where high school children failed to meet RDIs for most key micronutrients.
BACKGROUND:Children with CF have been reported to consume significantly more energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods than controls where there are now concerns of inadequate micronutrient intake. There are no current or comprehensive dietary studies assessing micronutrient intake in CF children. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate micronutrient intake in children with CF compared to recommended dietary intakes (RDIs). METHODS: Dietary intake of 13 micronutrients was measured in CF children aged 2-18 years and age- and sex-matched controls using a validated food frequency questionnaire (The Australian Child and Adolescent Eating Survey). RESULTS: CF children (n = 82) consumed significantly more energy than controls (n = 82) [3142(2531-3822) kcal vs 2216(1660-2941) kcal; p < .001]. Absolute intake in CF children was significantly higher in all micronutrients except vitamin C and folate, however energy-adjusted intake was significantly lower for all micronutrients except vitamin A, sodium, calcium and phosphorous. Energy-adjusted intake in primary school CF children was significantly less than controls in 8/13 micronutrients. Overall, median intakes exceeded the RDIs for all micronutrients however CF children fell short of the RDIs for folate (26.8%), iron (15.9%) and calcium (9.8%). In pre-school, 50% of CF children and 91.7% of controls did not meet the iron RDI. High school CF and control children failed to meet RDIs for 7/13 and 9/13 micronutrients respectively. CONCLUSION: Increased intake of most micronutrients in CF children was largely attributed to higher energy consumption. However, micronutrient density of the diet declined with increasing age, where high school children failed to meet RDIs for most key micronutrients.
Authors: Massimo Bellini; Sara Tonarelli; Attila G Nagy; Andrea Pancetti; Francesco Costa; Angelo Ricchiuti; Nicola de Bortoli; Marta Mosca; Santino Marchi; Alessandra Rossi Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-01-04 Impact factor: 5.717