Matthew P Cheng1, Robert Stenstrom2, Katryn Paquette3, Sarah N Stabler4, Murtaza Akhter5, Adam C Davidson6, Marko Gavric7, Alexander Lawandi8, Rehman Jinah7, Zahid Saeed9, Koray Demir8, Kelly Huang7, Amirali Mahpour10, Chris Shamatutu7, Chelsea Caya8, Jean-Marc Troquet8, Greg Clark8, Cedric P Yansouni8, David Sweet11. 1. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (M.P.C.). 2. University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, and the Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (R.S.). 3. Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (K.P.). 4. Surrey Memorial Hospital, University of British Columbia, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada (S.N.S.). 5. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona (M.A.). 6. University of British Columbia and Lion's Gate Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (A.C.D.). 7. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (M.G., R.J., K.H., C.S.). 8. McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (A.L., K.D., C.C., J.T., G.C., C.P.Y.). 9. Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona (Z.S.). 10. London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada (A.M.). 11. University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (D.S.).
Abstract
Background: Administering antimicrobial agents before obtaining blood cultures could potentially decrease time to treatment and improve outcomes, but it is unclear how this strategy affects diagnostic sensitivity. Objective: To determine the sensitivity of blood cultures obtained shortly after initiation of antimicrobial therapy in patients with severe manifestations of sepsis. Design: Patient-level, single-group, diagnostic study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01867905). Setting: 7 emergency departments in North America. Participants: Adults with severe manifestations of sepsis, including systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg or a serum lactate level of 4 mmol/L or more. Intervention: Blood cultures were obtained before and within 120 minutes after initiation of antimicrobial treatment. Measurements: Sensitivity of blood cultures obtained after initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Results: Of 3164 participants screened, 325 were included in the study (mean age, 65.6 years; 62.8% men) and had repeated blood cultures drawn after initiation of antimicrobial therapy (median time, 70 minutes [interquartile range, 50 to 110 minutes]). Preantimicrobial blood cultures were positive for 1 or more microbial pathogens in 102 of 325 (31.4%) patients. Postantimicrobial blood cultures were positive for 1 or more microbial pathogens in 63 of 325 (19.4%) patients. The absolute difference in the proportion of positive blood cultures between pre- and postantimicrobial testing was 12.0% (95% CI, 5.4% to 18.6%; P < 0.001). Sensitivity of postantimicrobial culture was 52.9% (CI, 42.8% to 62.9%). When the results of other microbiological cultures were included, microbial pathogens were found in 69 of 102 (67.6% [CI, 57.7% to 76.6%]) patients. Limitation: Only a proportion of screened patients were recruited. Conclusion: Among patients with severe manifestations of sepsis, initiation of empirical antimicrobial therapy significantly reduces the sensitivity of blood cultures drawn shortly after treatment initiation. Primary Funding Source: Vancouver Coastal Health, St. Paul's Hospital Foundation Emergency Department Support Fund, the Fonds de recherche Santé-Québec, and the Maricopa Medical Foundation.
Background: Administering antimicrobial agents before obtaining blood cultures could potentially decrease time to treatment and improve outcomes, but it is unclear how this strategy affects diagnostic sensitivity. Objective: To determine the sensitivity of blood cultures obtained shortly after initiation of antimicrobial therapy in patients with severe manifestations of sepsis. Design: Patient-level, single-group, diagnostic study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01867905). Setting: 7 emergency departments in North America. Participants: Adults with severe manifestations of sepsis, including systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg or a serum lactate level of 4 mmol/L or more. Intervention: Blood cultures were obtained before and within 120 minutes after initiation of antimicrobial treatment. Measurements: Sensitivity of blood cultures obtained after initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Results: Of 3164 participants screened, 325 were included in the study (mean age, 65.6 years; 62.8% men) and had repeated blood cultures drawn after initiation of antimicrobial therapy (median time, 70 minutes [interquartile range, 50 to 110 minutes]). Preantimicrobial blood cultures were positive for 1 or more microbial pathogens in 102 of 325 (31.4%) patients. Postantimicrobial blood cultures were positive for 1 or more microbial pathogens in 63 of 325 (19.4%) patients. The absolute difference in the proportion of positive blood cultures between pre- and postantimicrobial testing was 12.0% (95% CI, 5.4% to 18.6%; P < 0.001). Sensitivity of postantimicrobial culture was 52.9% (CI, 42.8% to 62.9%). When the results of other microbiological cultures were included, microbial pathogens were found in 69 of 102 (67.6% [CI, 57.7% to 76.6%]) patients. Limitation: Only a proportion of screened patients were recruited. Conclusion: Among patients with severe manifestations of sepsis, initiation of empirical antimicrobial therapy significantly reduces the sensitivity of blood cultures drawn shortly after treatment initiation. Primary Funding Source: Vancouver Coastal Health, St. Paul's Hospital Foundation Emergency Department Support Fund, the Fonds de recherche Santé-Québec, and the Maricopa Medical Foundation.
Authors: Sayon Dutta; Dustin S McEvoy; David M Rubins; Anand S Dighe; Michael R Filbin; Chanu Rhee Journal: J Am Med Inform Assoc Date: 2022-09-12 Impact factor: 7.942
Authors: Daniel E Leisman; Jamie R Privratsky; Jake R Lehman; Mabel N Abraham; Omar Y Yaipan; Mariana R Brewer; Ana Nedeljkovic-Kurepa; Christine C Capone; Tiago D Fernandes; Robert Griffiths; William J Stein; Marcia B Goldberg; Steven D Crowley; Rinaldo Bellomo; Clifford S Deutschman; Matthew D Taylor Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2022-08-15 Impact factor: 12.779
Authors: Katryn Paquette; David Sweet; Robert Stenstrom; Sarah N Stabler; Alexander Lawandi; Murtaza Akhter; Adam C Davidson; Marko Gavric; Rehman Jinah; Zahid Saeed; Koray Demir; Sassan Sangsari; Kelly Huang; Amirali Mahpour; Chris Shamatutu; Chelsea Caya; Jean-Marc Troquet; Greg Clark; Titus Wong; Cedric P Yansouni; Matthew P Cheng Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2021-06-17 Impact factor: 3.835