Liesbeth Sondermeijer1, Lieke G E Lamboo2, Anne C de Waal2, Tessel E Galesloot3, Lambertus A L M Kiemeney3, Michelle van Rossum2, Katja H Aben3,4. 1. Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, lsondermeijer@gmail.com. 2. Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 3. Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 4. Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies regarding cigarette smoking causing a lower risk of melanoma are inconclusive. Here, we re-examined melanoma risk in relation to cigarette smoking in a large, case-control study. METHODS: In total 1,157 patients with melanoma diagnosed between 2003 and 2011 in the Netherlands and 5,595 controls from the Nijmegen Biomedical Study were included. Information concerning smoking habits and known risk factors for melanoma were obtained through self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses stratified by gender were performed to study the risk of cigarette smoking on melanoma risk, adjusted for age, marital status, highest level of education, skin type, sun vacation, use of solarium, time spent outdoors, and sun protective measures. RESULTS: Among men, current and former smokers did not have a higher risk of melanoma compared to never smokers: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-0.79) and adjusted OR = 0.50 (95% CI: 0.39-0.64), respectively. With an increasing number of years smoked the risk of melanoma decreased: <20 years: OR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.46-0.80); 21-40 years: OR = 0.50 (95% CI: 0.37-0.68); >40 years: OR = 0.26 (95% CI: 0.15-0.44). No clear trend was found for the number of cigarettes smoked. Results for females were less clear and not statistically significant (current smoker: adjusted OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.74-1.26, former smoker: adjusted OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.73-1.08). CONCLUSION: This study shows a strong inverse association between cigarette smoking and melanoma risk in men. Fundamental laboratory research is necessary to investigate the biological relation between smoking cigarettes and melanoma.
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies regarding cigarette smoking causing a lower risk of melanoma are inconclusive. Here, we re-examined melanoma risk in relation to cigarette smoking in a large, case-control study. METHODS: In total 1,157 patients with melanoma diagnosed between 2003 and 2011 in the Netherlands and 5,595 controls from the Nijmegen Biomedical Study were included. Information concerning smoking habits and known risk factors for melanoma were obtained through self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses stratified by gender were performed to study the risk of cigarette smoking on melanoma risk, adjusted for age, marital status, highest level of education, skin type, sun vacation, use of solarium, time spent outdoors, and sun protective measures. RESULTS: Among men, current and former smokers did not have a higher risk of melanoma compared to never smokers: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-0.79) and adjusted OR = 0.50 (95% CI: 0.39-0.64), respectively. With an increasing number of years smoked the risk of melanoma decreased: <20 years: OR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.46-0.80); 21-40 years: OR = 0.50 (95% CI: 0.37-0.68); >40 years: OR = 0.26 (95% CI: 0.15-0.44). No clear trend was found for the number of cigarettes smoked. Results for females were less clear and not statistically significant (current smoker: adjusted OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.74-1.26, former smoker: adjusted OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.73-1.08). CONCLUSION: This study shows a strong inverse association between cigarette smoking and melanoma risk in men. Fundamental laboratory research is necessary to investigate the biological relation between smoking cigarettes and melanoma.
Authors: C A Wensveen; M T Bastiaens; C J Kielich; M J Berkhout; R G Westendorp; B J Vermeer; J N Bouwes Bavinck Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2001-01-01 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Michael T Henderson; Jessica T Kubo; Manisha Desai; Sean P David; Hilary Tindle; Animesh A Sinha; Kristina Seiffert-Sinha; Lifang Hou; Catherine Messina; Nazmus Saquib; Marcia L Stefanick; Jean Y Tang Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol Date: 2015-01 Impact factor: 11.527
Authors: Tessel E Galesloot; Sita H Vermeulen; Dorine W Swinkels; F de Vegt; B Franke; M den Heijer; J de Graaf; André L M Verbeek; Lambertus A L M Kiemeney Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 7.196