BACKGROUND: The relation between cigarette smoking and several malignancies is still unclear. We examined the association of cigarette smoking with death attributed to 15 cancer sites, 7 of which are regarded as having an uncertain relation with tobacco. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The original Whitehall study is a prospective cohort of 17 363 London-based male government employees (age 40-69 years) who were examined in the late 1960s and then followed up for a maximum of 38 years. RESULTS: Following adjustment for demographic characteristics, risk factors, and prevalent disease, established positive cigarette smoking--cancer gradients were confirmed for carcinoma of the lung, stomach, pancreas, bladder, upper aero-digestive (including oesophagus), and liver, and for myeloid leukaemia. Among the cancers of uncertain relation with smoking, mortality rates for malignancy of the colon, rectum and prostate and for lymphatic leukaemia were elevated in current and/or former smokers. There was essentially no apparent relation between smoking and mortality from carcinoma of the brain or from lymphoma. CONCLUSION: In this study, cigarette smoking appears to be a risk factor for several malignancies of previously unclear association with tobacco use.
BACKGROUND: The relation between cigarette smoking and several malignancies is still unclear. We examined the association of cigarette smoking with death attributed to 15 cancer sites, 7 of which are regarded as having an uncertain relation with tobacco. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The original Whitehall study is a prospective cohort of 17 363 London-based male government employees (age 40-69 years) who were examined in the late 1960s and then followed up for a maximum of 38 years. RESULTS: Following adjustment for demographic characteristics, risk factors, and prevalent disease, established positive cigarette smoking--cancer gradients were confirmed for carcinoma of the lung, stomach, pancreas, bladder, upper aero-digestive (including oesophagus), and liver, and for myeloid leukaemia. Among the cancers of uncertain relation with smoking, mortality rates for malignancy of the colon, rectum and prostate and for lymphatic leukaemia were elevated in current and/or former smokers. There was essentially no apparent relation between smoking and mortality from carcinoma of the brain or from lymphoma. CONCLUSION: In this study, cigarette smoking appears to be a risk factor for several malignancies of previously unclear association with tobacco use.
Authors: Michael McCulloch; Michael Broffman; Mark van der Laan; Alan Hubbard; Lawrence Kushi; Donald I Abrams; Jin Gao; John M Colford Journal: Integr Cancer Ther Date: 2011-09-30 Impact factor: 3.279
Authors: Fernando Martínez; Carlos Fernández-Martos; María Jesús Quintana; Antoni Castells; Antonio Llombart; Francisco Ińiguez; Vicente Guillem; Francisco Dasí Journal: Clin Transl Oncol Date: 2011-09 Impact factor: 3.405
Authors: Julia Butt; Matthew G Varga; Tianyi Wang; Shoichiro Tsugane; Taichi Shimazu; Wei Zheng; Christian C Abnet; Keun-Young Yoo; Sue K Park; Jeongseon Kim; Sun Ha Jee; You-Lin Qiao; Xiao-Ou Shu; Tim Waterboer; Michael Pawlita; Meira Epplein Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2019-07-26
Authors: G David Batty; Mika Kivimäki; Robert Clarke; George Davey Smith; Martin J Shipley Journal: Cancer Causes Control Date: 2010-11-30 Impact factor: 2.506
Authors: Sandra J Japuntich; Pallavi Kumar; Jane F Pendergast; Grelda Yazmin Juarez Caballero; Jennifer L Malin; Robert B Wallace; Elizabeth A Chrischilles; Nancy L Keating; Elyse R Park Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2019-03-30 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Abby B Siegel; Kristina Conner; Shuang Wang; Judith S Jacobson; Dawn L Hershman; Rosa Hidalgo; Elizabeth C Verna; Karim Halazun; William Brubaker; Jonah Zaretsky; Anna Moniodis; Lissette Delgado-Cruzata; Lorna Dove; Jean Emond; Tomoaki Kato; Robert S Brown; Alfred I Neugut Journal: Exp Ther Med Date: 2011-09-19 Impact factor: 2.447
Authors: Jae Jeong Yang; Kwang-Pil Ko; Lisa Y Cho; Aesun Shin; Jin Gwack; Soung-Hoon Chang; Hai-Rim Shin; Keun-Young Yoo; Daehee Kang; Sue K Park Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2009-07-17 Impact factor: 4.430