Len Kelly1, Cai-Lei Matsumoto2, Yoko Schreiber2, Janet Gordon2, Hannah Willms2, Christopher Olivier2, Sharen Madden2, Josh Hopko2, Sheldon W Tobe2. 1. Anishinaabe Bimaadiziwin Research Program (Kelly, Schreiber, Willms), Sioux Lookout Meno Ya Win Health Centre; Approaches to Community Wellbeing (Matsumoto) and Health Services (Gordon, Hopko), Sioux Lookout First Nations Health Authority, Sioux Lookout, Ont.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Schreiber), The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Schreiber); School of Epidemiology and Public Health (Schreiber), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; University of Saskatchewan (Olivier), Saskatoon, Sask.; Division of Clinical Sciences (Madden), Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sioux Lookout, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont. lkelly@mcmaster.ca. 2. Anishinaabe Bimaadiziwin Research Program (Kelly, Schreiber, Willms), Sioux Lookout Meno Ya Win Health Centre; Approaches to Community Wellbeing (Matsumoto) and Health Services (Gordon, Hopko), Sioux Lookout First Nations Health Authority, Sioux Lookout, Ont.; Division of Infectious Diseases (Schreiber), The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Schreiber); School of Epidemiology and Public Health (Schreiber), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; University of Saskatchewan (Olivier), Saskatoon, Sask.; Division of Clinical Sciences (Madden), Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sioux Lookout, Ont.; Department of Medicine (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of adult chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular comorbidities in Canadian Indigenous communities is largely unknown. We conducted a study to document the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and concurrent diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia in a First Nations population in northwest Ontario. METHODS: In this observational study, we used retrospective data collected from regional electronic medical records of 16 170 adults (age ≥ 18 yr) from 26 First Nations communities in northwest Ontario from May 2014 to May 2017. Demographic and laboratory data included age, gender, prescribed medications, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin:creatinine ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration. We identified patients with diabetes by an HbA1c concentration of 6.5% or higher, or the use of a diabetic medication, those with dyslipidemia by an elevated LDL-C level (≥ 2.0 mmol/L) or use of lipid-lowering medication, and those with hypertension by use of antihypertensive medication. RESULTS: Of the 16 170 adults residing in the communities, 5224 unique patients (32.3%) had renal testing (albumin:creatinine ratio and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate). The age-adjusted prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 14.5%, and the prevalence of stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min) was 7.0%. Most patients with chronic kidney disease (1487 [80.0%]) had at least 1 cardiovascular comorbidity. A total of 1332 patients (71.6%) had diabetes, 1313 (70.6%) had dyslipidemia, and 1098 (59.1%) had hypertension; all 3 comorbidities were present in 716 patients (38.5%). INTERPRETATION: We document a high prevalence of advanced chronic kidney disease in this First Nations population, 7.0%, double the rate in the general population. High rates of cardiovascular comorbidities were also common in these patients with chronic kidney disease, which places them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Copyright 2019, Joule Inc. or its licensors.
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of adult chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular comorbidities in Canadian Indigenous communities is largely unknown. We conducted a study to document the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and concurrent diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia in a First Nations population in northwest Ontario. METHODS: In this observational study, we used retrospective data collected from regional electronic medical records of 16 170 adults (age ≥ 18 yr) from 26 First Nations communities in northwest Ontario from May 2014 to May 2017. Demographic and laboratory data included age, gender, prescribed medications, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin:creatinine ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration. We identified patients with diabetes by an HbA1c concentration of 6.5% or higher, or the use of a diabetic medication, those with dyslipidemia by an elevated LDL-C level (≥ 2.0 mmol/L) or use of lipid-lowering medication, and those with hypertension by use of antihypertensive medication. RESULTS: Of the 16 170 adults residing in the communities, 5224 unique patients (32.3%) had renal testing (albumin:creatinine ratio and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate). The age-adjusted prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 14.5%, and the prevalence of stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min) was 7.0%. Most patients with chronic kidney disease (1487 [80.0%]) had at least 1 cardiovascular comorbidity. A total of 1332 patients (71.6%) had diabetes, 1313 (70.6%) had dyslipidemia, and 1098 (59.1%) had hypertension; all 3 comorbidities were present in 716 patients (38.5%). INTERPRETATION: We document a high prevalence of advanced chronic kidney disease in this First Nations population, 7.0%, double the rate in the general population. High rates of cardiovascular comorbidities were also common in these patients with chronic kidney disease, which places them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Copyright 2019, Joule Inc. or its licensors.
Authors: Tyler Williamson; Michael E Green; Richard Birtwhistle; Shahriar Khan; Stephanie Garies; Sabrina T Wong; Nandini Natarajan; Donna Manca; Neil Drummond Journal: Ann Fam Med Date: 2014-07 Impact factor: 5.166
Authors: Brenda R Hemmelgarn; Braden J Manns; Anita Lloyd; Matthew T James; Scott Klarenbach; Robert R Quinn; Natasha Wiebe; Marcello Tonelli Journal: JAMA Date: 2010-02-03 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Paul Arora; Priya Vasa; Darren Brenner; Karl Iglar; Phil McFarlane; Howard Morrison; Alaa Badawi Journal: CMAJ Date: 2013-05-06 Impact factor: 8.262
Authors: Eric T Wittbrodt; Glen James; Supriya Kumar; Heleen van Haalen; Hungta Chen; James A Sloand; Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh Journal: Clin Kidney J Date: 2021-10-06
Authors: Kara L Frejuk; Oksana Harasemiw; Paul Komenda; Barry Lavallee; Lorraine McLeod; Caroline Chartrand; Michelle Di Nella; Thomas W Ferguson; Heather Martin; Brandy Wicklow; Allison B Dart Journal: CMAJ Date: 2021-09-13 Impact factor: 8.262
Authors: Gabrielle N Gaultier; Eli B Nix; Joelle Thorgrimson; Douglas Boreham; William McCready; Marina Ulanova Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-04-14 Impact factor: 3.752