Breanna E Lane1, Sheila N Garland2,3, Karine Chalifour4, Geoff Eaton4, Sophie Lebel5, Jacqueline Galica6, Christine Maheu7, Sébastien Simard8. 1. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada. 2. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada. sheila.garland@mun.ca. 3. Discipline of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada. sheila.garland@mun.ca. 4. Young Adult Cancer Canada, St. John's, NL, Canada. 5. School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 6. School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada. 7. Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. 8. Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC) QC, Chicoutimi, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in young adults (YAs). METHODS: YAs diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 15 and 39 in Canada (n = 461), who were currently 19 years or older, completed the Young Adults with Cancer in their Prime (YACPRIME) Study. The Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory Short Form (FCRI-SF) was the primary outcome. Scores ≥ 16 on the FCRI-SF indicate problematic levels and scores ≥ 22 represent clinically significant FCR. Covariates included demographic, clinical cancer variables, and co-morbid symptom measures. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with FCR. RESULTS: Participants were predominantly female (87%) with a mean age of 32 years (SD = 4.7). Problematic levels of FCR were present in 84% of YAs, and 59% met or exceeded the cutoff for clinically significant FCR. In the multivariate model, time since diagnosis of 5+ years was associated with a reduced likelihood of clinical FCR (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.354; p = .004), while having a previous recurrence was related to increased likelihood (AOR = 3.468, p = .001). Other factors associated with clinical FCR in YAs were psychological distress (Mild: AOR = 2.947, p = .003; Moderate: AOR = 5.632, p < .0005; Severe: AOR = 8.877, p < .0005), and cancer-related body image dissatisfaction (AOR = 2.311, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS: FCR is a pervasive problem for YAs diagnosed with cancer, with previous recurrence and psychological difficulties as factors associated with a higher degree of fear. IMPLICATIONS: Psychosocial interventions for YAs targeting depression and anxiety should also prioritize the treatment of FCR.
PURPOSE: This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in young adults (YAs). METHODS: YAs diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 15 and 39 in Canada (n = 461), who were currently 19 years or older, completed the Young Adults with Cancer in their Prime (YACPRIME) Study. The Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory Short Form (FCRI-SF) was the primary outcome. Scores ≥ 16 on the FCRI-SF indicate problematic levels and scores ≥ 22 represent clinically significant FCR. Covariates included demographic, clinical cancer variables, and co-morbid symptom measures. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with FCR. RESULTS:Participants were predominantly female (87%) with a mean age of 32 years (SD = 4.7). Problematic levels of FCR were present in 84% of YAs, and 59% met or exceeded the cutoff for clinically significant FCR. In the multivariate model, time since diagnosis of 5+ years was associated with a reduced likelihood of clinical FCR (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.354; p = .004), while having a previous recurrence was related to increased likelihood (AOR = 3.468, p = .001). Other factors associated with clinical FCR in YAs were psychological distress (Mild: AOR = 2.947, p = .003; Moderate: AOR = 5.632, p < .0005; Severe: AOR = 8.877, p < .0005), and cancer-related body image dissatisfaction (AOR = 2.311, p = .004). CONCLUSIONS: FCR is a pervasive problem for YAs diagnosed with cancer, with previous recurrence and psychological difficulties as factors associated with a higher degree of fear. IMPLICATIONS: Psychosocial interventions for YAs targeting depression and anxiety should also prioritize the treatment of FCR.
Entities:
Keywords:
Distress; Fear of cancer recurrence; Psychosocial oncology; Young adults
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